java分别通过httpclient和HttpURLConnection获取图片验证码内容

时间：2020-12-28 02:36:43

前面的文章，介绍了如何通过selenium+Tesseract-OCR来识别图片验证码，如果用接口来访问的话，再用selenium就闲的笨重，下面就介绍一下分别通过httpclient和HttpURLConnection，用流的方式获取图片验证码内容。

1.通过HttpURLConnection

package com.imgyzm;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import org.openqa.selenium.io.FileHandler;

/**

 * @author QiaoJiafei

 * @version 创建时间：2015年11月9日 上午11:31:14

 * 类说明

 */

public class GetYZMByURL {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        getYzm();

    }

    public static String getYzm() {

        //new一个URL对象

        URL url;

        String s="";

        try {

            url = new URL("http://172.16.30.226:8099/bms/checkcode.do?0.9858807739801705");

            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

            //设置请求方式为"GET"

            conn.setRequestMethod("GET");

            //超时响应时间为5秒

            conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);

            //通过输入流获取图片数据

            InputStream inStream = conn.getInputStream();

            //得到图片的二进制数据，以二进制封装得到数据，具有通用性

            byte[] data = readInputStream(inStream);

            //new一个文件对象用来保存图片，默认保存当前工程根目录

            File imageFile = new File("D:/BeautyGirl.jpg");

            //创建输出流

            FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);

            //写入数据

            outStream.write(data);

            //关闭输出流

            outStream.close();

            Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();

            rt.exec("cmd.exe /C  tesseract.exe D:\\BeautyGirl.jpg  D:\\ddd\\yzm -1 ");

            Thread.sleep(1000);

            File file = new File("D:\\ddd\\yzm.txt");

            if(file.exists()) {

                FileHandler fh = new FileHandler();

                s = fh.readAsString(file).trim();

                System.out.println("========="+s);

            } else {

                System.out.print("yzm.txt不存在");

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return s;

        //打开链接

    }

    public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{

        ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

        //创建一个Buffer字符串

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

        //每次读取的字符串长度，如果为-1，代表全部读取完毕

        int len = 0;

        //使用一个输入流从buffer里把数据读取出来

        while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1 ){

            //用输出流往buffer里写入数据，中间参数代表从哪个位置开始读，len代表读取的长度

            outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);

        }

        //关闭输入流

        inStream.close();

        //把outStream里的数据写入内存

        return outStream.toByteArray();

    }

}

2.通过HttpClient

package com.imgyzm;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import org.openqa.selenium.io.FileHandler;

/**

 * @author QiaoJiafei

 * @version 创建时间：2015年11月9日 上午10:53:11

 * 类说明

 */

public class GetYZMByHttpClient {

    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {

        String s="";

        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(new PoolingClientConnectionManager());

        String imgurl = "http://172.16.30.226:8099/bms/checkcode.do?0.9858807739801705";

        HttpGet ht = new HttpGet(imgurl);

        HttpResponse response = null;

        response = httpclient.execute(ht);

        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

        InputStream inStream = entity.getContent();

        byte[] data = readInputStream(inStream);

        //new一个文件对象用来保存图片，默认保存当前工程根目录

        File imageFile = new File("D:/yzm.jpg");

        //创建输出流

        FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);

        //写入数据

        outStream.write(data);

        //关闭输出流

        outStream.close();

        Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();

        rt.exec("cmd.exe /C  tesseract.exe D:\\yzm.jpg  D:\\ddd\\yzm -1 ");

        Thread.sleep(1000);

        File file = new File("D:\\ddd\\yzm.txt");

        if(file.exists()) {

            FileHandler fh = new FileHandler();

            s = fh.readAsString(file).trim();

            System.out.println("========="+s);

        } else {

            System.out.print("yzm.txt不存在");

        }

        /*===========下面是登录接口==========*/

        String url = "http://172.16.30.226:8099/bms/staff/login.do?account=admin123&checkcode="+s+"&pwd=aaaaaa1";

        System.out.println("url=========="+url);

        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);

        response = httpclient.execute(httppost);

        entity = response.getEntity();

        s = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

        System.out.println(s);

    //打开链接

    }

    public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{

        ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

        //创建一个Buffer字符串

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

        //每次读取的字符串长度，如果为-1，代表全部读取完毕

        int len = 0;

        //使用一个输入流从buffer里把数据读取出来

        while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1 ){

            //用输出流往buffer里写入数据，中间参数代表从哪个位置开始读，len代表读取的长度

            outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);

        }

        //关闭输入流

        inStream.close();

        //把outStream里的数据写入内存

        return outStream.toByteArray();

    }

}

那么这两种方式有什么区别呢，通过测试，使用HttpURLConnection获取验证码，再被其它接口调用的时候，该验证码已经失效了。而httpclient，只要保证程序接口调用和获取验证码用的是同一个httpclient，获取到的验证码，再被其它接口调用，该验证码仍生效。

保存图片也可以用下面的方法，更简便一些

response = client.execute(httpget);

            entity = response.getEntity();

            InputStream  in = entity.getContent();

            BufferedImage input = ImageIO.read(in);

            ImageIO.write(input, "jpg", new File("D:/11.jpg"));

HTPPCLIENT API:http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/httpclient/apidocs/

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