如何填写命令行界面？

I am to automate the installation phase of a legacy system, because I do not want to put more efforts again and again when ever I want to install it. During the installation process on Linux Terminal, I have to answer some questions regarding the basic configurations. Indeed, it is easy to automate the shell commands by putting them all in a batch file like the following:

我要自动化遗留系统的安装阶段，因为我不希望在我想要安装它时一次又一次地付出更多努力。在Linux终端上的安装过程中，我必须回答一些有关基本配置的问题。实际上，通过将它们全部放在如下所示的批处理文件中，可以很容易地自动执行shell命令：

bin/startServer destination/sub_v1
bin/startAdminInterface
....

However, I do not know how to automate the answers of a specific questions like the following:

但是，我不知道如何自动化特定问题的答案，如下所示：

Enter the server's IP address: 
Enter the email of the contact person:
Would you like to disable UDP services?(y/n) [n]:
....

Is there any tool or programming language can deal with this situation? or Is there any way to pass the answers as a parameters within the batch file?

是否有任何工具或编程语言可以处理这种情况？或者有没有办法将答案作为批处理文件中的参数传递？

Thanks in advance.

提前致谢。

2 个解决方案

#1

The classic Linux tool for this job is expect.

这项工作的经典Linux工具是期待的。

With expect one can expect different questions and variations on a question, and the question does not have to be typed exactly. expect does not blindly answer every prompt, but rather it provides answers to the questions actually asked.

期望在一个问题上可以预期不同的问题和变化，并且不必完全键入问题。期望不会盲目地回答每个提示，而是提供实际问题的答案。

Here is a short example:

这是一个简短的例子：

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
spawn someScript.sh
expect "Enter the server's IP address:"
send "10.0.0.4\r"
expect "Enter the email of the contact person:"
send "foo@bar.com\r"
expect "Would you like to disable UDP services?(y/n) [n]:"
send "y\r"

#2

So, imagine this is a simplified version of the script:

所以，想象一下这是脚本的简化版本：

#!/bin/bash
read -p "Enter something:" thing
read -p "Enter server IP:" ip
read -p "Enter Email:" email
echo Received $thing, $ip, $email

and this is in a file called answers

这是一个名为答案的文件

thingywhatnot
11.12.33.240
bozo@brains.com

You would run

你会跑

installationScript < answers

and it would print this

它会打印出来

Received thingywhatnot, 11.12.33.240, bozo@brains.com

#1