在批处理文件(Windows)中检查子字符串的字符串?

Let's say I have some text in a variable called $1. Now I want to check if that $1 contains a certain string. If it contains a certain string I want to print a message. The printing is not the problem, the problem is the check...ideas how to do that?

假设我有一个变量名为$1的文本。现在我要检查$1是否包含一个字符串。如果它包含一个特定的字符串，我想要打印一条消息。印刷不是问题，问题是支票……如何做到这一点?

3 个解决方案

#1

The easiest way in my opinion is this :

在我看来，最简单的方法是:

set YourString=This is a test

If NOT "%YourString%"=="%YourString:test=%" (
    echo Yes
) else (
    echo No
)

Basiclly the string after ':' is the string you are looking for and you are using not infront of the if because %string:*% will remove the * from the string making them not equal.

Basiclly the string after ':'是你要查找的字符串，如果因为%string:*%会将*从字符串中删除，使它们不相等。

#2

The SET search and replace trick works in many cases, but it does not support case sensitive or regular expression searches.

在许多情况下，SET search和replace技巧都起作用，但它不支持区分大小写或正则表达式搜索。

If you need a case sensitive search or limited regular expression support, you can use FINDSTR.

如果您需要一个区分大小写的搜索或有限的正则表达式支持，您可以使用FINDSTR。

To avoid complications of escaping special characters, it is best if the search string is in a variable and both search and target are accessed via delayed expansion.

为了避免特殊字符转义的复杂性，最好将搜索字符串放在一个变量中，并且通过延迟扩展来访问搜索和目标。

You can pipe $1 into the FINDSTR command with the ECHO command. Use ECHO( in case $1 is undefined, and be careful not to add extra spaces. ECHO !$1! will echo ECHO is off. (or on) if $1 is undefined, whereas ECHO(!$1! will echo a blank line if undefined.

您可以使用ECHO命令将$1插入FINDSTR命令。使用ECHO(如果$1未定义，请注意不要添加额外空间。回声,1美元!如果$1未定义，则echo将关闭。(或on) $1未定义，而echo (!$1!如果未定义，将返回空行。

FINDSTR will echo $1 if it finds the search string - you don't want that so you redirect output to nul. FINDSTR sets ERRORLEVEL to 0 if the search string is found, and 1 if it is not found. That is what is used to check if the string was found. The && and || is a convenient syntax to use to test for match (ERRORLEVEL 0) or no match (ERRORLEVEL not 0)

如果找到搜索字符串，FINDSTR将返回$1——您不希望这样，所以您将输出重定向到nul。如果找到搜索字符串，FINDSTR将ERRORLEVEL设置为0，如果没有找到，则将其设置为1。这是用来检查字符串是否被找到的。||是一种方便的语法，用于测试匹配(ERRORLEVEL 0)或不匹配(ERRORLEVEL不是0)

The regular expression support is rudimentary, but still useful.

正则表达式支持是基本的，但仍然有用。

See FINDSTR /? for more info.

看到中/ ?更多信息。

This regular expression example will search $1 for "BEGIN" at start of string, "MID" anywhere in middle, and "END" at end. The search is case sensitive by default.

这个正则表达式示例将搜索$1在字符串开头的“开始”，中间的“MID”，以及“END”。在默认情况下，搜索是区分大小写的。

set "search=^BEGIN.*MID.*END$"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
echo(!$1!|findstr /r /c:"!search!" >nul && (
  echo FOUND
  rem any commands can go here
) || (
  echo NOT FOUND
  rem any commands can go here
)

#3

As far as I know cmd.exe has no built-in function which answers your question directly. But it does support replace operation. So the trick is: in your $1 replace the substring you need to test the presence of with an empty string, then check if $1 has changed. If it has then it did contain the substring (otherwise the replace operation would have had nothing to replace in the first place!). See the code below:

据我所知cmd。exe没有内置函数，可以直接回答您的问题。但它确实支持替换操作。因此，诀窍是:在$1替换子字符串时，您需要使用空字符串来测试是否存在，然后检查$1是否已经更改。如果它已经包含了子字符串(否则替换操作在第一个地方将没有任何替换!)看下面的代码:

set longString=the variable contating (or not containing) some text

@rem replace xxxxxx with the string you are looking for
set tempStr=%longString:xxxxxx=%

if "%longString%"=="%tempStr%" goto notFound
echo Substring found!
goto end

:notFound
echo Substring not found

:end

#1