export导出语法 // default exports export default 42; export default {}; export default []; export default foo; export default function () {} export default class {} export default function foo () {} export default class foo {} // variables exports export var foo = 1; export var foo = function () {}; export var bar; // lazy initialization export let foo = 2; export let bar; // lazy initialization export const foo = 3; export function foo () {} export class foo {} // named exports export {foo}; export {foo, bar}; export {foo as bar}; export {foo as default}; export {foo as default, bar}; // exports from export * from "foo"; export {foo} from "foo"; export {foo, bar} from "foo"; export {foo as bar} from "foo"; export {foo as default} from "foo"; export {foo as default, bar} from "foo"; export {default} from "foo"; export {default as foo} from "foo"; 示例: 1、export {function}; 导出一个函数 2、export const foo = 2; 导出一个常量 3、export default myFunctionClass; 默认导出,每个模块只有一个默认导出,导出的可以是一个函数,一个对象,一个类 import导入语法 // default imports import foo from "foo"; import {default as foo} from "foo"; // named imports import {bar} from "foo"; import {bar, baz} from "foo"; import {bar as baz} from "foo"; import {bar as baz, xyz} from "foo"; // glob imports import * as foo from "foo"; // mixing imports import foo, {baz as xyz} from "foo"; import * as bar, {baz as xyz} from "foo"; import foo, * as bar, {baz as xyz} from "foo"; 示例 1、import name from 'my-module.js' ; 导出整个模块到当前作用域,name作为接收该模块的对象名称 2、import {moduleName} from 'my-module.js'; 导出模块中的单个成员moduleName 3、import {moduleName1,moduleName2} from 'my-module'; 导出模块中的多个成员moduleName1、moduleName2 4、import {moduleName as moduleAlias} from 'my-module'; 5、import myDefault,{moduleName1,moduleName2} from 'my-module'; myDefault为my-module.js文件default导出项 注意事项 导入语句只能作为模块顶层的语句出现,不能出现在 function 里面或是 if 里面 if(Math.random()>0.5){ import './module1.js'; // SyntaxError: Unexpected keyword 'import' } const import2 = (import './main2.js'); // SyntaxError try{ import './module3.js'; // SyntaxError: Unexpected keyword 'import' }catch(err){ console.error(err); } const moduleNumber = 4; import module4 from `module${moduleNumber}`; // SyntaxError: Unexpected token import 语句会被提升到文件顶部执行,也就是说在模块初始化的时候所有的 import 都必须已经导入完成 import './module1.js'; alert('code1'); import module2 from './module2.js'; alert('code2'); import module3 from './module3.js'; // 执行结果 module1 module2 module3 import 的模块名只能是字符串常量,导入的值也是不可变对象;比如说你不能 import { a } from ‘./a’ 然后给 a 赋值个其他什么东西