数据库和监听器开机自启动
编辑oratab文件：
修改：orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:N
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ vi /etc/oratab
# # This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database. # A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
执行dbstart和dbshut（数据库启动而监听器没有自启动）
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ dbstart
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/startup.log
修改dbstart和dbshut文件：
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ vi dbstart
找到这行修改为：
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
同上修改dbshut文件。
dbstart验证：
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ dbstart
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/startup.log
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ ps -ef|grep smon
oracle 4125 1 0 23:46 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle 4241 3254 0 23:46 pts/0 00:00:00 grep smon
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 21-APR-2019 23:47:11 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ocptest)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 21-APR-2019 23:46:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 51 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ocptest/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ocptest)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
dbshut验证：
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ dbshut
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/shutdown.log
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ ps -ef|grep smon
oracle 4369 3254 0 23:48 pts/0 00:00:00 grep smon
[oracle@ocptest bin]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 21-APR-2019 23:48:32 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ocptest)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
添加开机自启动：
编辑/etc/rc.d/rc.local添加su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart 到最后一行
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff. touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart
如果上面没有编辑dbstart和dbshut文件添加侦听器参数：
则还需添加 su oracle -lc "/u01/oracle/bin/lsnrctl start"到/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件中；
第二种方法：
在oracle家目录创建两个文件：
oracle.start
oracle.stop
编辑：
vi oracle.start
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ vi oracle.start
#!/bin/bash
source /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
lsnrctl start;
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup
EOF
vi oracle.stop
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ vi oracle.stop
#!/bin/bash
source /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup
EOF
lsnrctl stop;
权限：
chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle
chmod a+x oracle.start oracle.stop
单独执行这两个脚本进行验证；
通过copy一个network模板
cp /etc/init.d/network /etc/init.d/oracle
[root@ocptest ~]# vi /etc/init.d/oracle
#! /bin/bash
#
# oracle Bring up/down oracle
#
# chkconfig: 2345 90 1
# description: Activates/Deactivates all oracle configured to \
# start at boot time.
#
# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions # See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
su - oracle -c "/home/oracle/oracle.start"
;;
stop)
su - oracle -c "/home/oracle/oracle.stop"
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 2
esac
chkconfig oracle on
然后重启服务器测试下，我这里测试都没问题。
验证端口：
[oracle@ocptest ~]$ netstat -an|grep :1521
tcp 0 0 192.168.181.2:62747 192.168.181.2:1521 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:192.168.181.2:1521 ::ffff:192.168.181.2:62747 ESTABLISHED