常用压缩格式: .zip .gz .bz2
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.zip 格式压缩
命令格式:1)压缩文件: zip 压缩文件名 源文件
[root@livedvd home]# zip test.zip test.txt
adding: test.txt (stored 0%)
[root@livedvd home]# ll
total 12
drwx------. 26 centoslive centoslive 4096 Aug 12 07:40 centoslive
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9 Aug 12 07:53 test.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 07:54 test.zip
2)压缩目录: zip -r 压缩文件名 源目录
[root@livedvd home]# mkdir music
[root@livedvd home]# zip -r music.zip music
adding: music/ (stored 0%)
[root@livedvd home]# ll
total 20
drwx------. 26 centoslive centoslive 4096 Aug 12 07:40 centoslive
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 12 07:58 music
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 162 Aug 12 07:58 music.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9 Aug 12 07:53 test.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 07:54 test.zip
3)解压命令: unzip 压缩文件
[root@livedvd home]# unzip music.zip
Archive: music.zip
creating: music/
[root@livedvd home]# unzip test.zip
Archive: test.zip
extracting: test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# ll
total 20
drwx------. 26 centoslive centoslive 4096 Aug 12 07:40 centoslive
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 12 07:58 music
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 162 Aug 12 07:58 music.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9 Aug 12 07:53 test.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 07:54 test.zip -
.gz 格式压缩
1)gzip 源文件(压缩为.gz格式的压缩文件,源文件会消失)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# gzip test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test.txt.gz
2)gzip -c 源文件 > 压缩文件(压缩为.gz格式,源文件保留)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# gzip -c test1.txt > test1.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.gz test.txt.gz
3)gzip -r 目录(压缩目录下所有的子文件,但是不能压缩目录)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.gz test.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# gzip -r music
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.gz test.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# cd music
[root@livedvd music]# ls
music1.txt.gz music2.txt.gz music3.txt.gz
4)解压缩文件
1> gzip -d 压缩文件
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.gz test.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# gzip -d test.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.gz test.txt
2> gunzip 压缩文件
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt.gz test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# gunzip test1.txt.gz
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt -
.bz2 格式压缩
1)bzip2 源文件(压缩为.bz2格式,不保留源文件)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# bzip2 test.txt
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt.bz2
2)bzip2 -k 源文件(压缩之后保留文件)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt.bz2
[root@livedvd home]# bzip2 -k test1.txt
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test1.txt.bz2 test.txt.bz2
3)bzip2 -d 压缩文件(解压缩,可以用-k保留压缩文件)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt.bz2 test.txt.bz2
[root@livedvd home]# bzip2 -d test1.txt.bz2
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt.bz2
4)bunzip2 压缩文件(解压缩,可以用-k保留压缩文件)
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt.bz2
[root@livedvd home]# bunzip2 test.txt.bz2
[root@livedvd home]# ls
centoslive music test1.txt test.txt
强调内容
注意:bzip2命令不能压缩目录哦!
常用压缩格式:.tar.gz .tar.bz2