首先简单说一下该程序实现的功能：定时采集现场的数据，在界面上实时显示设备数据，同时将采集到的设备数据存储到sqlite中，以方便第三方数据调用。该程序使用在wince5.0中，使用的是VS2008 C#语言。
内容涉及到wince同步的应用、串口的收发、数据的存储、CRC校验知识、Modbus协议的应用等。
程序主要分成几部分：
- 数据采集
- 数据分析、显示
- 数据存储
- 数据采集说明
- 数据分析、显示说明
- 数据存储说明
说明：sqlite的使用，须在前面引用：using System.Data.SQLite;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
#region 窗体事件
private void frmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
for (int i = 1000; i <= 60000; i = i + 1000)//时间间隔设置
{
this.cboxInterval.Items.Add(i);
}
this.cboxInterval.SelectedIndex = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++)
{
this.cboxPortName.Items.Add("COM" + i.ToString());
}
this.cboxPortName.SelectedIndex = 2;
/*
string[] baudRates = new string[] { "115200", "57600", "38400", "19200", "14400", "9600" };
foreach (string baudRate in baudRates)
{
this.cboxBaudRate.Items.Add(baudRate);
}
this.cboxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;
cboxCheck.Items.Add("None");
cboxCheck.Items.Add("Odd");
cboxCheck.Items.Add("Even");
cboxCheck.SelectedIndex = 0;
cboxDataBit.Items.Add("8");
cboxDataBit.Items.Add("7");
cboxDataBit.Items.Add("6");
cboxDataBit.SelectedIndex = 0;
cboxStopBit.Items.Add("1");
cboxStopBit.Items.Add("2");
cboxStopBit.SelectedIndex = 0;
*/
this.timer1.Enabled = true;
this.labDate.Text = string.Format("日期: {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy年MM月dd日 dddd"));
this.cboxSend.Text = "01 03 00 00 00 04 44 09";
//参数初始化
this.temper1.Text = "0";
this.temper2.Text = "0";
this.pressure.Text = "0";
this.voltage.Text = "0";
this.ChangeEnable(false);
this.ShowFormCenter();
//sqlite数据库加载
string aurl = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().CodeBase.ToString()) + "\\";
string strConn = aurl + "db.db3";
//strConn = "db.db3";
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=" + strConn+";Pooling = true; FailIfMissing = true";
connection.Open();//连接数据库
}
//打开串口
private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
if (btnOpen.Text == "打开串口")
{
sp.PortName = cboxPortName.SelectedItem.ToString();
// sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cboxBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());
sp.BaudRate = baudRates;//默认9600
// sp.DataBits = 8;
// sp.StopBits = 1;
sp.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);//订阅委托
//委托实例化
UpdateTextHandle = new UpdateTextDelegate(UpdateTextBox); //实例化委托对象
sp.Open();
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);
sp.DiscardInBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序的接收缓冲区的数据；
sp.DiscardOutBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序发送缓冲区的数据；
btnOpen.Text = "关闭串口";
this.ChangeEnable(true);
// MessageBox.Show("打开串口成功！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1);
}
else
{
sp.Close();
btnOpen.Text = "打开串口";
this.ChangeEnable(false);
}
}
catch { MessageBox.Show("打开串口失败！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1); }
}
/// <summary>
/// 定时发送报文
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void timer2_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
//将16进制数据转换为字节数组
byte[] data = this.HexStringToByteArray(cboxSend.Text);
sp.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
sendCount += data.Length;
labSend.Text = String.Format("发送: {0} B", sendCount);
if (isreceive == true)
{
//向sqlite中存储数据
command.Connection = connection;
SQLiteTransaction ta = connection.BeginTransaction();
string time2 = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//获取当前时间
command.CommandText = "insert into datatable(time,temper1,temper2,pressure,voltage,battery) VALUES ( '" + time2 + "','" + temper1.Text + "','" + temper2.Text + "','" + pressure.Text + "','" + voltage.Text + "','" + voltage.Text + "' )";
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
ta.Commit();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
}<pre name="code" class="csharp">
void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);//具备休眠作用，使数据得到缓存，缓存0.1秒
int readlen = sp.BytesToRead; //读取数据的长度
receiveCount += readlen;
if (readlen >= 5)//至少要包含设备号、功能码（2字节）+长度（1字节）+校验（2字节）
{
byte[] readBuffer = new byte[readlen];
sp.Read(readBuffer, 0, readlen);
string readbuf = null;
if (readBuffer[0] == 0x01 && readBuffer[1] == 0x03)//第一个字节是不是01,第二个字节是不是03
{
int len = readBuffer[2];//数据长度
if (readlen >= len + 5)//数据长度够了的话才判断
{
byte[] data1 = new byte[len + 3];
for (int i = 0; i < len + 3; i++)//取得除了crc检验码所有数据
{
data1[i] = readBuffer[i];
}
byte[] checksum = GetCRC16(data1, true);
if ((checksum[0] == readBuffer[len + 3]) && (checksum[1] == readBuffer[len + 4])) //判断crc校验是否成功
{
//十六进制格式化数据
for (int i = 0; i < readlen; i++)
{
string s = String.Format("{0:X}", Convert.ToInt32(readBuffer[i]));
if (s.Length > 1)
{
readbuf += s + " ";
}
else
{
readbuf += "0" + s + " ";
}
}
this.Invoke(UpdateTextHandle, readbuf);
}
}
}
}
else
{
sp.DiscardInBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序的接收缓冲区的数据；
}
}
#endregion
delegate void UpdateTextDelegate(string text);//定义委托 UpdateTextDelegate UpdateTextHandle = null; void UpdateTextBox(string txt) { try { if (!isStop) { txtReceive.Text += txt + "\r\n"; labReceive.Text = String.Format("接收: {0} B", receiveCount); if (txt.Length > 0)//判断接收到的报文是否大于0 { /* * 解析算法 */ } } } catch (Exception ex) { WriteLog(ex.Message); } }
#region CRC校验函数
/// <summary>
/// 计算CRC16循环校验码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Cmd">命令数组</param>
/// <param name="IsHighBefore">高位是否在前</param>
/// <returns>高低位校验码</returns>
public static byte[] GetCRC16(byte[] Cmd, bool IsHighBefore)
{
int index;
int crc_Low = 0xFF;
int crc_High = 0xFF;
for (int i = 0; i < Cmd.Length; i++)
{
index = crc_High ^ (char)Cmd[i];
crc_High = crc_Low ^ CRCHigh[index];
crc_Low = (byte)CRCLow[index];
}
if (IsHighBefore == true)
{
return new byte[2] { (byte)crc_High, (byte)crc_Low };
}
else
{
return new byte[2] { (byte)crc_Low, (byte)crc_High };
}
}
#endregion
#region CRC对应表
//高位表
readonly static byte[] CRCHigh = new byte[]{
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40};
//低位表
readonly static byte[] CRCLow = new byte[]{
0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06,
0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD,
0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09,
0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A,
0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC, 0x14, 0xD4,
0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3,
0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4,
0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A,
0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29,
0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED,
0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60,
0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67,
0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F,
0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68,
0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E,
0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71,
0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92,
0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C,
0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B,
0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B,
0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42,
0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40};
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 重要应用：!!!!!写程序故障登录日志记录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strLogMsg"></param>
public static void WriteLog(string strLogMsg)
{
System.IO.FileStream HFile;//先声明一个文件流的句柄,用来存储文件地址
string strFileName = System.DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd");
HFile = OpenCreateFile(strFileName);//打开或者创建文件
strLogMsg = System.DateTime.Now.ToString() + " #Msg: " + strLogMsg + "\r\n";
WriteFile(HFile, strLogMsg);//写文件
CloseFile(HFile);//关闭文件
}
/// <summary>
/// 打开或者创建一个txt文档,这个文档存在于“移动设备”的根目录下面
/// “我的设备”中的所有文件夹，只有“FlashDisk”和“FlashDisk2”文件夹中的内容掉电后不会丢失，
/// 所以用户需要保存的文件可以保存在该文件夹中。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strTextFileName">txt文件的名称</param>
/// <return>创建的文件的句柄</return>
private static System.IO.FileStream OpenCreateFile(string strTextFileName)
{
System.IO.FileStream HFile;
string strLogpath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().CodeBase.ToString()) + "\\"+"Log";
if (!Directory.Exists(strLogpath))
Directory.CreateDirectory(strLogpath);
string strFilePath = strLogpath+"\\" + strTextFileName + ".txt";//在程序目录下面
try
{
HFile = System.IO.File.Open(strFilePath, System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//MessageBox.Show("文件创建或打开失败");
HFile = null;
}
return HFile;
}
/// <summary>
/// 往文件中写入内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="HFile">文件句柄</param>
/// <param name="strWriteText">需要写入的内容</param>
private static void WriteFile(System.IO.FileStream HFile, string strWriteText)
{
if (HFile == null)
{
// MessageBox.Show("文件未打开");
return;
}
//strWriteText = "Hello File";
Byte[] buffer;
buffer = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.TextInfo.ANSICodePage).GetBytes(strWriteText);
HFile.Position = HFile.Length;
HFile.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
private static void CloseFile(System.IO.FileStream HFile)
{
if (HFile != null)
{
HFile.Close();
HFile = null;
}
}