按键中断驱动

时间:2022-08-20 17:30:06

下面是一个简单的按键中断程序:

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>


static struct class *thirddrv_class;
static struct class_device *thirddrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;


static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,third_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;


struct pin_desc{
unsigned int pin;
unsigned int key_val;
};


/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;

struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};


/*
* 确定按键值,一旦按键便进入buttons_irq()函数,为边沿触发
*/

static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
unsigned int pinval;

pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);

if (pinval)
{
/* 松开 */
key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
}
else
{
/* 按下 */
key_val = pindesc->key_val;
}

ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */


return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}

static int third_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);

return 0;
}

ssize_t third_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;

/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
ev_press = 0;

return 1;
}


int third_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}


static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
.open = third_drv_open,
.read = third_drv_read,
.release = third_drv_close,
};


int major;
static int third_drv_init(void)
{
major = register_chrdev(0, "third_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);

thirddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "third_drv");

thirddrv_class_dev = class_device_create(thirddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;

return 0;
}

static void third_drv_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev(major, "third_drv");
class_device_unregister(thirddrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(thirddrv_class);
iounmap(gpfcon);
iounmap(gpgcon);
return 0;
}


module_init(third_drv_init);

module_exit(third_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 在linux内核中用于申请中断的函数是request_irq(),函数原型在Kernel/irq/manage.c中定义:

int request_irq(unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler,
unsigned long irqflags, const char *devname, void *dev_id)

irq是要申请的硬件中断号。 handler是向系统注册的中断处理函数,是一个回调函数,中断发生时,系统调用这个函数,dev_id参数将被传递给它,然后我们可以根据这个dev_id判断具体是那一个中断。

  irqflags是中断处理的属性,若设置了IRQF_DISABLED ,则表示中断处理程序是快速处理程序,快速处理程序被调用时屏蔽所有中断,慢速处理程序不屏蔽;若设置了IRQF_SHARED (老版本中的SA_SHIRQ),则表示多个设备共享中断,若设置了IRQF_SAMPLE_RANDOM(老版本中的SA_SAMPLE_RANDOM),表示对系统熵有贡献,对系统获取随机数有好处。(这几个flag是可以通过或的方式同时使用的)

devname设置中断名称,通常是设备驱动程序的名称 在cat /proc/interrupts中可以看到此名称。
dev_id在中断共享时会用到,一般设置为这个设备的设备结构体或者NULL。
request_irq()返回0表示成功,返回-INVAL表示中断号无效或处理函数指针为NULL,返回-EBUSY表示中断已经被占用且不能共享。