不懂的东西还太多,就当是自己监督自己吧
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- __author__ = 'Michael Liao' import asyncio, logging import aiomysql def log(sql, args=()): logging.info('SQL: %s' % sql) #用来打印sql的?args没有用到。 async def create_pool(loop, **kw): # 建立一个异步io的连接池 logging.info('create database connection pool...') # logging 的东西只是打印日志的 global __pool # 这个pool的即使全局变量,他又想不让其他人调用 # 创建的方法就是 aiomysql.create_pool #kw的得取方法倒是知道了,it is kw.get('host','default') #if do not have defaultvalue, just kw['port'] __pool = await aiomysql.create_pool( host=kw.get('host', 'localhost'), port=kw.get('port', 3306), user=kw['user'], password=kw['password'], db=kw['db'], charset=kw.get('charset', 'utf8'), autocommit=kw.get('autocommit', True), maxsize=kw.get('maxsize', 10), minsize=kw.get('minsize', 1), loop=loop #这个 loop = loop get不到。 ) async def select(sql, args, size=None): # all the opreating nead the asyncio log(sql, args) # 这个以后已经拼接好了??? global __pool async with __pool.get() as conn: #连接上,然后使用这个连接的get方法,as 为conn async with conn.cursor(aiomysql.DictCursor) as cur: #使用conn的 cursor AS 为 cur await cur.execute(sql.replace('?', '%s'), args or ()) #游标执行占位符转换 ‘?’ → ‘%s’ if size: #这个 size 哪里来的啊??? #大哥,上边的size已经定义出来了。 #None 就和False一样 rs = await cur.fetchmany(size) else: rs = await cur.fetchall() logging.info('rows returned: %s' % len(rs)) #这里就是返回值了 return rs # rs 就是这个rows async def execute(sql, args, autocommit=True): log(sql) #这里就是sql中的执行,好像还不是commit async with __pool.get() as conn: #仍然是用实例化出来的__pool 的get函数来建立一个连接 conn if not autocommit: #不太清楚在什么情况下这个autocommit 会 = False await conn.begin() try: async with conn.cursor(aiomysql.DictCursor) as cur: #还是用连接创建游标 await cur.execute(sql.replace('?', '%s'), args) #替换cursor的占位符 affected = cur.rowcount if not autocommit: #这个 atuocommit的作用还是没明白 await conn.commit() except BaseException as e: if not autocommit: await conn.rollback() raise return affected def create_args_string(num): #创建评论参数字符串??? L = [] for n in range(num): L.append('?') return ', '.join(L) class Field(object): #类型的被继承类 def __init__(self, name, column_type, primary_key, default): self.name = name self.column_type = column_type self.primary_key = primary_key self.default = default def __str__(self): return '<%s, %s:%s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.column_type, self.name) class StringField(Field): #字符,全都继承了Field def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=None, ddl='varchar(100)'): super().__init__(name, ddl, primary_key, default) class BooleanField(Field): #布尔 def __init__(self, name=None, default=False): super().__init__(name, 'boolean', False, default) class IntegerField(Field): #整型 def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=0): super().__init__(name, 'bigint', primary_key, default) class FloatField(Field): #浮点 def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=0.0): super().__init__(name, 'real', primary_key, default) class TextField(Field): #文本 def __init__(self, name=None, default=None): super().__init__(name, 'text', False, default) class ModelMetaclass(type): #继承type def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs): # 这应该是新建方法 if name=='Model': return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs) #如果name 为 Model 我直接return type的 new方法??? tableName = attrs.get('__table__', None) or name # 这个attr 是和**kw 的get 是一个意思吗?? logging.info('found model: %s (table: %s)' % (name, tableName)) #打印这个table mappings = dict() #把mappings 定义出来[] fields = [] primaryKey = None #一直没太明白这个 primaryKey 的含义。 for k, v in attrs.items(): # attr的 type是?? if isinstance(v, Field): logging.info(' found mapping: %s ==> %s' % (k, v)) mappings[k] = v #用mappings 建立这个k v 的对应关系 if v.primary_key: # 找到主键: fengge的注释 #这里要处理我前边是for 出来的 if primaryKey: #也就是说我这里默认不raise这个Error raise StandardError('Duplicate primary key for field: %s' % k) #!!!不知道为啥我这里的StandardError 报错了。 primaryKey = k #这个时候我的 primaryKey 复制为k 就好比id else: fields.append(k) #如果不是主键,就简单的append进去 #但是主键好像没有被append啊 if not primaryKey: raise StandardError('Primary key not found.') # !!!不知道为啥我这里的StandardError 报错了。 #这里我看明白了,就是没找到主键 for k in mappings.keys(): attrs.pop(k) #这里为啥要把attrs里边的k pop出来? #而且mappings.key??? 还只有这两个地方有 escaped_fields = list(map(lambda f: '`%s`' % f, fields)) #这里是将fields 里边的所有sql 都给处理成 `sql` ?? #明白了,attrs是dict attrs['__mappings__'] = mappings # 保存属性和列的映射关系 attrs['__table__'] = tableName attrs['__primary_key__'] = primaryKey # 主键属性名 attrs['__fields__'] = fields # 除主键外的属性名 attrs['__select__'] = 'select `%s`, %s from `%s`' % (primaryKey, ', '.join(escaped_fields), tableName) attrs['__insert__'] = 'insert into `%s` (%s, `%s`) values (%s)' % (tableName, ', '.join(escaped_fields), primaryKey, create_args_string(len(escaped_fields) + 1)) attrs['__update__'] = 'update `%s` set %s where `%s`=?' % (tableName, ', '.join(map(lambda f: '`%s`=?' % (mappings.get(f).name or f), fields)), primaryKey) attrs['__delete__'] = 'delete from `%s` where `%s`=?' % (tableName, primaryKey) # 这是他们的4个基础语句 那 left join 哪些呢?? return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs) class Model(dict, metaclass=ModelMetaclass): #实例化Model 的时候 也顺带着将ModelMetaclass 也实例化出来了? def __init__(self, **kw): super(Model, self).__init__(**kw) #这里是说继承父类的所有参数吗? def __getattr__(self, key): try: return self[key] #getattr的时候return except KeyError: raise AttributeError(r"'Model' object has no attribute '%s'" % key) def __setattr__(self, key, value): self[key] = value #set的时候直接把value也传过来了。 def getValue(self, key): return getattr(self, key, None) def getValueOrDefault(self, key): value = getattr(self, key, None) if value is None: field = self.__mappings__[key] #如果是空就mappings?? if field.default is not None: value = field.default() if callable(field.default) else field.default #如果不是空 就置给value logging.debug('using default value for %s: %s' % (key, str(value))) setattr(self, key, value) #然后还要setattr return value @classmethod async def findAll(cls, where=None, args=None, **kw): ' find objects by where clause. ' sql = [cls.__select__] if where: sql.append('where') sql.append(where) #这里是处理where语句的?? if args is None: args = [] orderBy = kw.get('orderBy', None) if orderBy: sql.append('order by') sql.append(orderBy) #处理 orderby? limit = kw.get('limit', None) if limit is not None: sql.append('limit') #这里的limit 是啥啊。。。 if isinstance(limit, int): sql.append('?') args.append(limit) elif isinstance(limit, tuple) and len(limit) == 2: sql.append('?, ?') args.extend(limit) else: raise ValueError('Invalid limit value: %s' % str(limit)) rs = await select(' '.join(sql), args) return [cls(**r) for r in rs] @classmethod async def findNumber(cls, selectField, where=None, args=None): ' find number by select and where. ' #为了查找什么number呢? sql = ['select %s _num_ from `%s`' % (selectField, cls.__table__)] if where: sql.append('where') sql.append(where) rs = await select(' '.join(sql), args, 1) if len(rs) == 0: return None return rs[0]['_num_'] @classmethod async def find(cls, pk): ' find object by primary key. ' rs = await select('%s where `%s`=?' % (cls.__select__, cls.__primary_key__), [pk], 1) if len(rs) == 0: return None return cls(**rs[0]) async def save(self): args = list(map(self.getValueOrDefault, self.__fields__)) args.append(self.getValueOrDefault(self.__primary_key__)) rows = await execute(self.__insert__, args) if rows != 1: logging.warn('failed to insert record: affected rows: %s' % rows) async def update(self): args = list(map(self.getValue, self.__fields__)) args.append(self.getValue(self.__primary_key__)) rows = await execute(self.__update__, args) if rows != 1: logging.warn('failed to update by primary key: affected rows: %s' % rows) async def remove(self): args = [self.getValue(self.__primary_key__)] rows = await execute(self.__delete__, args) if rows != 1: logging.warn('failed to remove by primary key: affected rows: %s' % rows)