使用mysql用户安装mysql
Centos系统：
切换到用户根目录：cd ~
下载安装包：
wget http://mirror.provenscaling.com/mysql/community/source/5.1/mysql-5.1.28-rc.tar.gz
解压包：
tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.28-rc.tar.gz
创建安装目录：mkdir mysql
cd mysql-5.1.28-rc
./configure –prefix=/home/mysql/mysql –with-charset=utf8 –with-plugins=innobase
make
make install
添加用户环境变量：
cd ~
vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=.:/home/mysql/ mysql/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
使生效：source .bash_profile
修改mysql配置：
cd ~/mysql
cp /home/mysql/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /home/mysql/mysql/my.cnf
vi 修改my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M – 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# You can copy this file to
# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
# installation this directory is /home/mysql/mysql/mysql/var) or
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the “–help” option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /home/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /home/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 10M
table_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
# Don’t listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the “enable-named-pipe” option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Disable Federated by default
#skip-federated
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 – 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
# <port> by the master’s port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’125.564.12.1′, MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER=’joe’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’secret’;
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables’ values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 – 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave – required
#master-host = <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master – required
#master-user = <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master – required
#master-password = <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional – defaults to 3306
#master-port = <port>
#
# binary logging – not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
#tmpdir = /tmp/
#log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /home/mysql/mysql/var/
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/mysql/mysql/var/
#innodb_log_arch_dir = /home/mysql/mysql/var/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 – 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
wait_timeout=2880000
interactive-timeout=2880000
创建数据库文件目录：mkdir var
初始化数据库
mysql_install_db –user=mysql –datadir=/home/mysql/mysql/var
启动：
nohup mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/home/mysql/mysql/my.cnf &
修改root用户密码：
mysqladmin -h ’127.0.0.1′ -u root password 123456
进入mysql
mysql -S /home/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
或mysql -h ’127.0.0.1′ -u root -p
mysql下面创建授权用户
创建用户，授权.
Sql代码
create user test identified by ’123456′;
grant all privileges on *.* to ‘test’@'localhost’ identified by ’123456′;
flush privileges;
所有主机访问都可以访问将localhost换为%
Sql代码
删除用户,收回权限
Sql代码
delete from mysql.user where user=’test’ and host=’localhost’;
flush privileges;
——————————————
导入数据命令
./mysql -u root -p -S /home/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock < test.sql
mysql建立用户并设置为只读
mysql>GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO ‘mysqlread’@'%’ IDENTIFIED BY ’123456′ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
赋予所有的权限：
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to ‘test’@'%’ identified by ’111111′ with grant option;
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
备份数据库：
mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p -S /home/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock dump> ~/dump.sql