Android6.0动态权限整理

自从Android在6.0引入动态权限，各种坑接踵而来，今天有时间专门整理一下动态权限的那些事。

一、动态权限基本知识

 group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS    
    permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

  group:android.permission-group.PHONE
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE 
    permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
    permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
    permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

  group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

  group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
    permission:android.permission.CAMERA

  group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
    permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

  group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

  group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

  group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
    permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

  group:android.permission-group.SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

以上是需要动态申请的权限，一共9组，每组只要一个申请成功，这个组的权限默认就可以使用了。
申请的前提条件：  1.targetSdkVersion >= 23(废话)
 2.在AndroidManifest.xml中申请
申请权限：  1.checkSelfPermission() 检查是否有此权限，没有则申请，有了直接可以向下执行
  2.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale()  这个是被拒绝后再次申请权限时对用户的解释，我基本不用此方法
  3.requestPermissions() 申请权限，弹出一个对话框，用户是否允许开启此权限

举个例子：

private static final int STORAGE_CODE = 1;

private void requestStoragePermission() {
        if ((ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)){//无此权限，申请
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                    STORAGE_CODE);
        }else {
           //已经拥有此权限
 }
 }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
         if (requestCode == STORAGE_CODE) {
            int grantResult = grantResults[0];
            boolean granted = grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
            if (granted) {
                //申请权限同意
            } else {
               //申请权限拒绝了
            }
        } 
    }

二、动态权限的坑
1.申请扫描附近的wifi，需要申请位置权限
2.有两个特殊的权限，SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW和WRITE_SETTINGS和以上介绍的权限申请有所区别，这俩权限需要开启一个页面，让用户打开权限，不是弹出窗！！
开启热点就需要WRITE_SETTINGS这个权限，上例子



private final static int REQUEST_CODE = 1;

private void requestWriteSettingPermission() {
        if (!Settings.System.canWrite(this)) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS,
                    Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
            startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (Settings.System.canWrite(this)) {
                //WRITE_SETTINGS permission granted
            } else {
                //WRITE_SETTINGS permission not granted
            }
        }
    }





步骤：

1.使用Action Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS 启动隐式Intent
2.使用"package:" + getPackageName()携带App的包名信息
3.使用Settings.System.canWrite方法检测授权结果

另外：申请SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW权限的话 第三步使用Settings.canDrawOverlays()判断就好了


 

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