Python实现文件拷贝
2017年8月27日
1.实现目的
统一时间对服务器某文件夹内文件进行备份保存,如若备份成功则不提示任何错误,否则将以邮件的形式告知管理员,备份出错。
2.程序流程图
主要流程图
拷贝流程图
3.代码编写
1.MyMain函数
1 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]# cat MyMain.py
2 #!/usr/bin/env python
3
4 import os
5 import sys
6 import MyFileZip
7
8 def main() :
9 dir1 = "/root/dir1"
10 dir2 = "/root/dir2"
11
12 if os.path.isdir(dir2) == False :
13 os.mkdir(dir2)
14
15 if os.path.isdir(dir1) :
16 MyFileZip.FileCopy(dir1,dir2)
17 else :
18 sys.exit(-1)
19
20 if __name__ == "__main__" :
21 main()
22 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]#
2.MyFile函数
1 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]# cat MyFileZip.py
2 #!/usr/bin/env python
3
4 import zipfile
5 import time
6 import os
7 import MySendMail
8
9
10 def FileCopy(dir1,dir2) :
11 try:
12 NowDate = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
13 Zfile = dir2+ '/'+'logfile_'+NowDate+'.zip'
14 zf = zipfile.ZipFile(Zfile,'w')
15
16 for filename in os.listdir(dir1) :
17 if os.path.isfile(dir1 + '/' + filename) :
18 zf.write(dir1 + '/' + filename)
19 os.remove(dir1 + '/' + filename)
20
21 zf.close()
22 except:
23 MySendMail.SamMail(NowDate,dir1,dir2)
24 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]#
3.SendMail函数
1 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]# cat MySendMail.py
2 #!/usr/bin/env python
3
4 import smtplib
5 import email.mime.text
6
7 def SamMail(NowDate,dir1,dir2) :
8 HOST = "smtp.163.com"
9 SUBJECT = "Copy File Warning"
10 TO = "发送的帐号"
11 FROM = "来自于账户"
12 Remask = "Copy dirctory warning"
13
14 msg = email.mime.text.MIMEText("""
15 <html>
16 <body>
17 <h1>Warning</h1>
18 <h2>Time:%s</h2>
19 <h2>Dirctory:%s</h2>
20 <h2>Remask:%s</h2>
21 </body>
22 </html>
23 """ % (NowDate,dir1,"Copy File Error"),"html","utf-8")
24
25 msg['Subject'] = SUBJECT
26 msg['From'] = FROM
27 msg['TO'] = TO
28
29 try:
30 server = smtplib.SMTP()
31 server.connect(HOST,'25')
32 server.starttls()
33 server.login("帐号","密码")
34 server.sendmail(FROM,TO,msg.as_string())
35 server.quit()
36 except:
37 print ("Send mail Error")
38 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]#
4.实现效果
4.1 建立新的文件
1 [root@Python ~]# touch /root/dir1/7 /root/dir1/8
2 [root@Python ~]#
4.2 执行代码
1 [root@Python ~]# python /root/python/CheckCopyFiles/MyMain.py
2 [root@Python ~]#
4.3 查看文件
1 [root@Python ~]# ls -l /root/dir1 -a
2 total 0
3 drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Aug 27 09:26 .
4 dr-xr-x---. 6 root root 201 Aug 27 09:26 ..
5 [root@Python ~]#
1 [root@Python ~]# ls -l /root/dir2/
2 total 4
3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 218 Aug 27 09:28 logfile_2017-08-27.zip
4 [root@Python ~]# unzip -v /root/dir2/logfile_2017-08-27.zip
5 Archive: /root/dir2/logfile_2017-08-27.zip
6 Length Method Size Cmpr Date Time CRC-32 Name
7 -------- ------ ------- ---- ---------- ----- -------- ----
8 0 Stored 0 0% 08-27-2017 09:27 00000000 root/dir1/7
9 0 Stored 0 0% 08-27-2017 09:27 00000000 root/dir1/8
10 -------- ------- --- -------
11 0 0 0% 2 files
12 [root@Python ~]#
由此可见,dir1中的文件已经备份至/root/dir2/logfile_2017-08-27.zip中，且已经删除了原文件
4.3 查看发送邮件效果
修改一下源码:
1 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]# cat MyFileZip.py
2 #!/usr/bin/env python
3
4 import zipfile
5 import time
6 import os
7 import MySendMail
8
9
10 def FileCopy(dir1,dir2) :
11 try:
12 NowDate = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
13 Zfile = dir2+ '/'+'logfile_'+NowDate+'.zip'
14 zf = zipfile.ZipFile(Zfile,'w')
15
16 for filename in os.listdir(dir1) :
17 if os.path.isfile(dir1 + '/' + filename) :
18 zf.write(dir1 + '/' + filename)
19 os.remove(dir1 + '/' + filename)
20
21 zf.close()
22 sys.exit()
23 except:
24 MySendMail.SamMail(NowDate,dir1,dir2)
25 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]#
22行 sys 模块并未导入，故一定会出错
执行效果如下:
1 [root@Python ~]# python /root/python/CheckCopyFiles/MyMain.py
2 [root@Python ~]#
收到邮件的效果如下:
只要把脚本写入crontab,那样就可以按时执行了，例如:
1 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]# crontab -l
2 00 14 * * 0 /usr/bin/python /root/python/CheckCopyFiles/MyMain.py
3 [root@Python CheckCopyFiles]#
意思是每周日14点调用/usr/bin/python 去执行/root/python/CheckCopyFiles/MyMain.py文件
至此,由python写的备份脚本已经全部完成，人生苦短，我用python