Java通过JDBC连接MySQL数据库

在连接数据库之前当然需要导入连接数据库的驱动包

如何导入驱动包，网上教程有很多，在次不在叙述。

首先来看看数据库内容：

①Book数据库bookinfo表结构：

②Book数据库bookinfo表内容：

以下就是Java通过JDBC连接数据库的语句：

package cn.xuzihui.db;
//导入连接数据库必要的包
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class DButil {

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Book";
private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //注册JDBC驱动
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL,USER,PASSWORD); //打开链接
        Statement st = conn.createStatement();
        ResultSet books = st.executeQuery("select * from bookinfo"); //执行查询
while(books.next()) {
//通过字段检索
            String bookname = books.getString("book_name");
            String bookauthor = books.getString("book_author");
            String bookabstract = books.getString("book_abstract");
//输出
            System.out.println("Name:"+bookname+"<br>");
            System.out.println("Author:"+bookauthor+"<br");
            System.out.println("Abstract"+bookabstract+"<br>");
            System.out.println("============================================");
        }
    }

}

以上连接数据库代码是简单的连接语句，忽略了必要的异常，语句上并不是很严谨。下面是相对比较严谨的连接数据库代码：

package cn.xuzihui.db;
//可以逐个导入包，或者可以导入java.sql下的所有包
//import java.sql.Connection;
//import java.sql.DriverManager;
//import java.sql.ResultSet;
//import java.sql.Statement;

import java.sql.*;

public class DBUtil {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Book";
private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";
public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement st = null;
try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
            st = conn.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from bookinfo");
while(rs.next()) {
                String bookname = rs.getString("book_name");
                String bookauthor = rs.getString("book_author");
                String bookabstract = rs.getString("book_abstract");
                System.out.println("Name:"+bookname+"<br>");
                System.out.println("Author:"+bookauthor+"<br");
                System.out.println("Abstract"+bookabstract+"<br>");
            }
            rs.close();
            st.close();
            conn.close();
        } catch (SQLException se) {
            se.printStackTrace();  // 处理 JDBC 错误
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();  // 处理 Class.forName 错误
        } finally {
try {  // 关闭资源
if(st!=null)
                    st.close();
            } catch (SQLException se2) {}
try {
if(conn!=null)
                    conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException se3) {
                se3.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("GoodBye!");
    }
}