dmesg 命令主要用来显示内核信息。使用 dmesg 可以有效诊断机器硬件故障或者添加硬件出现的问题。
另外，使用 dmesg 可以确定您的服务器安装了那些硬件。每次系统重启，系统都会检查所有硬件并将信息记录下来。执行/bin/dmesg 命令可以查看该记录。
dmesg 输入实例：
Linux version 2.6.-.ELsmp (bhcompile@hs20-bc1-.build.redhat.com) (gcc version 3.4. (Red Hat 3.4.-)) # SMP Wed Jul :: EDT
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
BIOS-e820: - 00000000000a0000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: - 000000001ffc0000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000001ffc0000 - 000000001ffcfc00 (ACPI data)
BIOS-e820: 000000001ffcfc00 - 000000001ffff000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000f0000000 - 00000000f4000000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fed00400 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fed13000 - 00000000feda0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee10000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000ffb00000 - (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
511MB LOWMEM available.
found SMP MP-table at 000fe710
NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
On node totalpages:
DMA zone: pages, LIFO batch:
Normal zone: pages, LIFO batch:
HighMem zone: pages, LIFO batch:
DMI 2.4 present.
Using APIC driver default
ACPI: RSDP (v002 DELL ) @ 0x000fa030
ACPI: XSDT (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa0a0
ACPI: FADT (v003 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa188
ACPI: MADT (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa27c
ACPI: SPCR (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa300
ACPI: HPET (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa350
ACPI: MCFG (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000a) @ 0x000fa388
ACPI: DSDT (v001 DELL PE_SC3 0x00000001 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x00000000
ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x808
ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
Processor # : APIC version
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x02] lapic_id[0x01] enabled)
Processor # : APIC version
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x03] lapic_id[0x02] disabled)
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x04] lapic_id[0x03] disabled)
ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x01] high edge lint[0x1])
ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x02] high edge lint[0x1])
Enabling APIC mode: Flat. Using I/O APICs
ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x02] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[])
IOAPIC[]: apic_id , version , address 0xfec00000, GSI -
ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x03] address[0xfec10000] gsi_base[])
IOAPIC[]: apic_id , version , address 0xfec10000, GSI -
ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus bus_irq global_irq dfl dfl)
ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus bus_irq global_irq high level)
ACPI: IRQ0 used by override.
ACPI: IRQ2 used by override.
ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
ACPI: HPET id: 0xffffffff base: 0xfed00000
Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
Allocating PCI resources starting at (gap: 1ffff000:d0001000)
Built zonelists
Kernel command line: ro root=/dev/sda5
mapped APIC to ffffd000 (fee00000)
Initializing CPU#
CPU irqstacks, hard=c03ee000 soft=c03ce000
PID hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
Dentry cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
Memory: 513372k/524032k available (1876k kernel code, 10032k reserved, 759k data, 184k init, 0k highmem)
Using HPET for base-timer
Using HPET for gettimeofday
Detected 3000.653 MHz processor.
Using hpet for high-res timesource
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6004.60 BogoMIPS (lpj=)
Security Scaffold v1.0.0 initialized
SELinux: Initializing.
SELinux: Starting in permissive mode
There is already a security framework initialized, register_security failed.
selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability
Capability LSM initialized as secondary
Mount-cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
CPU: After generic identify, caps: bfebfbff
CPU: After vendor identify, caps: bfebfbff
monitor/mwait feature present.
using mwait in idle threads.
CPU: Trace cache: 12K uops, L1 D cache: 16K
CPU: L2 cache: 2048K
CPU0: Physical Processor ID:
CPU0: Processor Core ID:
CPU0: Initial APIC ID:
CPU: After all inits, caps: bfebfbff
Intel machine check architecture supported.
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#.
CPU0: Intel P4/Xeon Extended MCE MSRs () available
CPU0: Thermal monitoring enabled
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done.
Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done.
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK.
CPU0: Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU .00GHz stepping
per-CPU timeslice cutoff: 1761.60 usecs.
task migration cache decay timeout: msecs.
Booting processor / eip
CPU irqstacks, hard=c03ef000 soft=c03cf000
Initializing CPU#
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6000.40 BogoMIPS (lpj=)
CPU: After generic identify, caps: bfebfbff
CPU: After vendor identify, caps: bfebfbff
monitor/mwait feature present.
CPU: Trace cache: 12K uops, L1 D cache: 16K
CPU: L2 cache: 2048K
CPU1: Physical Processor ID:
CPU1: Processor Core ID:
CPU1: Initial APIC ID:
CPU: After all inits, caps: bfebfbff
Intel machine check architecture supported.
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#.
CPU1: Intel P4/Xeon Extended MCE MSRs () available
CPU1: Thermal monitoring enabled
CPU1: Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU .00GHz stepping
Total of processors activated (12005.01 BogoMIPS).
ENABLING IO-APIC IRQs
..TIMER: vector=0x31 pin1= pin2=-
checking TSC synchronization across CPUs: passed.
Brought up CPUs
zapping low mappings.
checking if image is initramfs... it is
Freeing initrd memory: 479k freed
NET: Registered protocol family
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfbfee, last bus=
PCI: Using MMCONFIG
mtrr: v2. ()
ACPI: Subsystem revision
ACPI: Interpreter enabled
ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (:)
PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus )
PCI: Ignoring BAR0- of IDE controller ::1f.
PCI: Transparent bridge - ::1e.
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PES1._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PEP0._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PEP0.PXHA._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PEP1._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PEP2._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.PCIS._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs ) *, disabled.
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKE] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKF] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKG] (IRQs * )
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKH] (IRQs ) *, disabled.
Linux Plug and Play Support v0. (c) Adam Belay
usbcore: registered new driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new driver hub
PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::01.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1c.[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1c.[B] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1c.[C] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[B] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[C] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1f.[A]: no GSI - using IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1f.[C] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1f.[B]: no GSI - using IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.1[B] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::05.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
apm: BIOS not found.
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
audit(1343226664.647:): initialized
Total HugeTLB memory allocated,
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: (order , bytes)
SELinux: Registering netfilter hooks
Initializing Cryptographic API
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 8301CD821788A86B
- User ID: Red Hat, Inc. (Kernel Module GPG key)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
ACPI: Processor [CPU0] (supports C1)
ACPI: Processor [CPU1] (supports C1)
Real Time Clock Driver v1.
Linux agpgart interface v0. (c) Dave Jones
serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq
serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq
Serial: / driver $Revision: 1.90 $ ports, IRQ sharing enabled
ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = ) is a 16550A
RAMDISK driver initialized: RAM disks of 16384K size blocksize
divert: not allocating divert_blk for non-ethernet device lo
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: .00alpha2
ide: Assuming 33MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
ICH7: IDE controller at PCI slot ::1f.
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1f.[A]: no GSI - using IRQ
ICH7: chipset revision
ICH7: not % native mode: will probe irqs later
ide0: BM-DMA at 0xfc00-0xfc07, BIOS settings: hda:DMA, hdb:pio
Probing IDE interface ide0...
hda: HL-DT-ST GCR-8240N, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
Using cfq io scheduler
ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq
Probing IDE interface ide1...
Probing IDE interface ide2...
Probing IDE interface ide3...
Probing IDE interface ide4...
Probing IDE interface ide5...
hda: ATAPI 24X CD-ROM drive, 128kB Cache, UDMA()
Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
usbcore: registered new driver hiddev
usbcore: registered new driver usbhid
drivers/usb/input/hid-core.c: v2.:USB HID core driver
mice: PS/ mouse device common for all mice
md: md driver 0.90. MAX_MD_DEVS=, MD_SB_DISKS=
NET: Registered protocol family
IP route cache hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: (order: , bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established bind )
Initializing IPsec netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family
NET: Registered protocol family
ACPI: (supports S0 S4 S5)
ACPI wakeup devices:
PCI0 PES1 PEP0 PXHA PEP1 PEP2 PCIS
Freeing unused kernel memory: 184k freed
SCSI subsystem initialized
libata version 1.20 loaded.
ata_piix ::1f.: version 1.05
ata_piix ::1f.: MAP [ P0 P2 P1 P3 ]
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1f.[C] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::1f. to
ata1: SATA max UDMA/ cmd 0xAC98 ctl 0xAC92 bmdma 0xAC60 irq
ata2: SATA max UDMA/ cmd 0xAC80 ctl 0xAC7A bmdma 0xAC68 irq
ata1: dev cfg :2f00 :746b :7f61 : : :3c41 : :207f
ata1: dev ATA-, max UDMA/, sectors: LBA48
ata1: dev configured for UDMA/
scsi0 : ata_piix
ata2: dev cfg :2f00 :746b :7f61 : : :3c41 : :207f
ata2: dev ATA-, max UDMA/, sectors: LBA48
ata2: dev configured for UDMA/
scsi1 : ata_piix
Vendor: ATA Model: WDC WD800AAJS- Rev: 01.0
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision:
SCSI device sda: -byte hdwr sectors ( MB)
SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back
SCSI device sda: -byte hdwr sectors ( MB)
SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back
sda: sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 < sda5 >
Attached scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel , id , lun
Vendor: ATA Model: WDC WD800AAJS- Rev: 01.0
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision:
SCSI device sdb: -byte hdwr sectors ( MB)
SCSI device sdb: drive cache: write back
SCSI device sdb: -byte hdwr sectors ( MB)
SCSI device sdb: drive cache: write back
sdb: sdb1
Attached scsi disk sdb at scsi1, channel , id , lun
kjournald starting. Commit interval seconds
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
SELinux: Disabled at runtime.
SELinux: Unregistering netfilter hooks
inserting floppy driver for 2.6.-.ELsmp
Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M
floppy0: no floppy controllers found
tg3.c:v3.-rh (Mar , )
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::00.0 to
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth0
eth0: Tigon3 [partno(BCM95721) rev PHY()] (PCI Express) //1000BaseT Ethernet ::8b:f9:3d:
eth0: RXcsums[] LinkChgREG[] MIirq[] ASF[] Split[] WireSpeed[] TSOcap[]
eth0: dma_rwctrl[]
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::00.0 to
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth1
eth1: Tigon3 [partno(BCM95721) rev PHY()] (PCI Express) //1000BaseT Ethernet ::8b:f9:3d:
eth1: RXcsums[] LinkChgREG[] MIirq[] ASF[] Split[] WireSpeed[] TSOcap[]
eth1: dma_rwctrl[]
Intel(R) PRO/ Network Driver - version 7.0.-k2-NAPI
Copyright (c) - Intel Corporation.
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.0[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::00.0 to
e1000: ::00.0: e1000_probe: (PCI Express:.5Gb/s:Width x4) :::3a:fa:
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth2
e1000: eth2: e1000_probe: Intel(R) PRO/ Network Connection
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::00.1[B] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::00.1 to
e1000: ::00.1: e1000_probe: (PCI Express:.5Gb/s:Width x4) :::3a:fa:
divert: allocating divert_blk for eth3
e1000: eth3: e1000_probe: Intel(R) PRO/ Network Connection
hw_random: RNG not detected
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
ehci_hcd ::1d.: EHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::1d. to
ehci_hcd ::1d.: irq , pci mem e0818400
ehci_hcd ::1d.: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number
PCI: cache line size of is not supported by device ::1d.
ehci_hcd ::1d.: USB 2.0 enabled, EHCI 1.00, driver -May-
hub -:1.0: USB hub found
hub -:1.0: ports detected
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v2.
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[A] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
uhci_hcd ::1d.: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::1d. to
uhci_hcd ::1d.: irq , io base 0000ace0
uhci_hcd ::1d.: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number
hub -:1.0: USB hub found
hub -:1.0: ports detected
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[B] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
uhci_hcd ::1d.: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::1d. to
uhci_hcd ::1d.: irq , io base 0000acc0
uhci_hcd ::1d.: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number
hub -:1.0: USB hub found
hub -:1.0: ports detected
ACPI: PCI interrupt ::1d.[C] -> GSI (level, low) -> IRQ
uhci_hcd ::1d.: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device ::1d. to
uhci_hcd ::1d.: irq , io base 0000aca0
uhci_hcd ::1d.: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number
hub -:1.0: USB hub found
hub -:1.0: ports detected
md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
md: autorun ...
md: ... autorun DONE.
usb -: new high speed USB device using address
hub -:1.0: USB hub found
hub -:1.0: ports detected
ACPI: Power Button (FF) [PWRF]
EXT3 FS on sda5, internal journal
device-mapper: 4.5.-ioctl (--) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
cdrom: open failed.
kjournald starting. Commit interval seconds
EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
kjournald starting. Commit interval seconds
EXT3 FS on sdb1, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
kjournald starting. Commit interval seconds
EXT3 FS on sda2, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
Adding 2008116k swap on /dev/sda3. Priority:- extents:
ip_tables: (C) - Netfilter core team
ip_tables: (C) - Netfilter core team
tg3: eth0: Link is up at Mbps, half duplex.
tg3: eth0: Flow control is off for TX and off for RX.
ip_tables: (C) - Netfilter core team
hsfosspec: Unknown parameter `'
hsfengine: module license 'see LICENSE file distributed with driver' taints kernel.
hsfserial: Unknown parameter `'
usbcore: registered new driver hsfusbcd2