多线程处理中Future的妙用

时间:2020-12-06 11:01:51

java 中Future是一个未来对象,里面保存这线程处理结果,它像一个提货凭证,拿着它你可以随时去提取结果。在两种情况下,离开Future几乎很难办。一种情况是拆分订单,比如你的应用收到一个批量订单,此时如果要求最快的处理订单,那么需要并发处理,并发的结果如果收集,这个问题如果自己去编程将非常繁琐,此时可以使用CompletionService解决这个问题。CompletionService将Future收集到一个队列里,可以按结果处理完成的先后顺序进队。另外一种情况是,如果你需要并发去查询一些东西(比如爬虫),并发查询只要有一个结果返回,你就认为查询到了,并且结束查询,这时也需要用CompletionService和Future来解决。直接上代码更直观:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletionService;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future; public class CompletionServiceTest { static int numThread =100;
static ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(numThread); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
//data表示批量任务
int[] data =new int[100];
for(int i=1;i<100000;i++){
int idx =i % 100;
data[idx] =i;
if(i%100==0){
testCompletionService(data);
data =new int[100];
}
}
} private static void testCompletionService(int [] data) throws Exception{
CompletionService<Object> ecs = new ExecutorCompletionService<Object>(executor);
for(int i=0;i<data.length;i++){
final Integer t=data[i];
ecs.submit(new Callable<Object>() {
public Object call() {
try {
Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return t;
}
});
}
//CompletionService会按处理完后顺序返回结果
List<Object> res =new ArrayList<Object>();
for(int i = 0;i<data.length;i++ ){
Future<Object> f = ecs.take();
res.add(f.get());
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+res);
} private static void testBasicFuture(int [] data) throws Exception{
List<Future<Object>> res =new ArrayList<Future<Object>>();
for(int i=0;i<data.length;i++){
final Integer t=data[i];
Future<Object> future=executor.submit(new Callable<Object>() {
public Object call() {
return t;
}
});
res.add(future);
} for(int i = 0;i<res.size();i++ ){
Future<Object> f = res.get(i);
Object rObject =f.get();
System.out.print(":"+rObject);
}
System.out.println("LN");
}
}