一、mysql5.7采用二进制包安装（CentOS7.3）
官方安装文档：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation.html
二进制 rpm：
Yum Repository mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
CentOS7.3机器环境部署：
[root@mysql1 ~]# rpm -q mariadb-serverpackage mariadb-server is not installed[root@mysql1 ~]# sed -ri '/^SELINUX=/c\SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config[root@mysql1 ~]# setenforce 0
方法：二进制 rpm
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html
[root@mysql1 ~]# md5sum mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolistLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cnrepo id repo name statusbase/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 9,591extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 392mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 45mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 59mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 247updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 1,962repolist: 12,296
过滤数据仓库
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysqlmysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community disabledmysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabledmysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community disabledmysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - disabledmysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community enabled: 45mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabledmysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community enabled: 59mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source disabledmysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview disabledmysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source disabledmysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server disabledmysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabledmysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server disabledmysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabledmysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server enabled: 247mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S disabledmysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server disabledmysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S disabled
查看已经开启数据仓库
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysqlmysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 45mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 59mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 247
安装mysql数据库服务器及启动服务并设置为开机自启动
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld //第一次启动先初始数据库[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysqlauto.cnf ib_buffer_pool mysql public_key.pem testca-key.pem ibdata1 mysql.sock schoolca.pem ib_logfile0 mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pemclient-cert.pem ib_logfile1 performance_schema server-key.pemclient-key.pem ibtmp1 private_key.pem sys
查看mysql默认密码并使用默认密码登陆数据库
[root@mysql1 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-03-08T01:07:46.185157Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 7WZU6OMbBS*([root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'7WZU6OMbBS*('mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.21Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
修改默认密码（密码要求：包含大小写字母、数字、符号，否者不允许修改），然后刷新授权表
mysql> set password=password('Zaq12wsx');ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirementsmysql> set password=password('Qwe123??');Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>
使用新密码登陆数据库
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pQwe123??mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
查看databases
mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二、数据库基本操作
创建数据库并进入数据库
mysql> create database test;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)mysql> use test;Database changed
创建表
mysql> create table test1( tinyint_test tinyint, int_test int );Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec
查看当前数据库所包含的表
mysql> show tables;+----------------+| Tables_in_test |+----------------+| test1 |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看表结构
mysql> desc test1;+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| tinyint_test | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | || int_test | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+2 rows in set (0.11 sec)
插入数据
mysql> insert into test1 values(111,111);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
数据库语法
CREATE DATABASE 数据库名;数据库命名规则：区分大小写唯一性不能使用关键字如 create select不能单独使用数字查看数据库SHOW DATABASES;选择数据库SELECT database();USE 数据库名
示例（表基本操作）
1、student1
表school.student1字段 字段 字段id name sex age1 tom male 23 记录2 jack male 21 记录3 alice female 19 记录语法：
create table 表名( 字段名1 类型[(宽度) 约束条件], 字段名2 类型[(宽度) 约束条件], 字段名3 类型[(宽度) 约束条件])[存储引擎 字符集];==在同一张表中，字段名是不能相同==宽度和约束条件可选==字段名和类型是必须的
mysql> CREATE DATABASE school; //创建数据库schoolmysql> use school;mysql> create table student1( -> id int, -> name varchar(50), -> sex enum('m','f'), -> age int -> );Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show tables; //查看表（当前所在库）+------------------+| Tables_in_school |+------------------+| student1 |+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student1; //查询表中所有字段的值Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> select name,age from student1; //查询表中指定字段的值Empty set (0.00 sec)
向表中插入内容
语法：
insert into 表名(字段1,字段2...) values(字段值列表...);
查看表结构
mysql> desc student1;+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | || name | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | || sex | enum('m','f') | YES | | NULL | || age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
顺序插入
mysql> insert into student1 values -> (1,'abel','m',33), -> (2,'alice','f',20), -> (3,'jack','m',40);Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.03 sec)Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
只向指定的字段插入值
mysql> insert into student1(name,age) values ('zhuzhu',10), ('gougou',20);Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
查询表内容
mysql> select * from student1;+------+--------+------+------+| id | name | sex | age |+------+--------+------+------+| 1 | abel | m | 33 || 2 | alice | f | 20 || 3 | jack | m | 40 || NULL | zhuzhu | NULL | 10 || NULL | gougou | NULL | 20 |+------+--------+------+------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、表school.student2
id id int姓名 name varchar(50)出生年份 born_year year生日 birthday date上课时间 class_time time注册时间 reg_time datetime
创建student2表
mysql> create table student2( -> id int, -> name varchar(50), -> born_year year, -> birthday date, -> class_time time, -> reg_time datetime -> );
查询student2表结构
mysql> desc student2;+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | || name | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | || born_year | year(4) | YES | | NULL | || birthday | date | YES | | NULL | || class_time | time | YES | | NULL | || reg_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | |+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)插入数据
mysql> insert into student2 values(1,'tom',now(),now(),now(),now());Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
查询数据
mysql> select * from student2;+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+| id | name | born_year | birthday | class_time | reg_time |+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+| 1 | tom | 2018 | 2018-03-08 | 14:24:25 | 2018-03-08 14:24:25 |+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into student2 values(2,'jack',1982,19821120,123000,20140415162545);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from student2;+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+| id | name | born_year | birthday | class_time | reg_time |+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+| 1 | tom | 2018 | 2018-03-08 | 14:24:25 | 2018-03-08 14:24:25 || 2 | jack | 1982 | 1982-11-20 | 12:30:00 | 2014-04-15 16:25:45 |+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)