行列转换的几种形式
行列转换包含如下几种形式:行转列、列转行、多列转换成字符串、多行转换成字符串、字符串转换成多列、字符串转换成多行
一、Oracle行列转置
1、行转列
(1)创建表格、插入测试数据
create table student(
id number,
name varchar2(20),
course varchar2(20),
score number
)
插入测试数据,如下:
(2)方法一:使用wm_concat()函数
select id, name, wm_concat(score) scores from student group by id, name;
结果集如下:
(3)方法二:使用decode()函数
select id,name,sum(decode(course,'Chinese',score,null)) "Chinese",
sum(decode(course,'Math',score,null)) "Math",
sum(decode(course,'English',score,null)) "English"
from student
group by id,name
结果集如下:
(4)方法三:使用case表达式
select id,name,sum(case when course='Chinese' then score end) "Chinese",
sum(case when course='Math' then score end) "Math",
sum(case when course='English' then score end) "English"
from student
group by id,name
结果集如下:
2、列转行
(1)建表
使用上面的查询结果:
create table scores as
select id,name,sum(case when course='Chinese' then score end) "Chinese",
sum(case when course='Math' then score end) "Math",
sum(case when course='English' then score end) "English"
from student
group by id,name
order by i
得到表及记录如下:
(2)方法一:合并查询union
select id,name,'Chinese' as course from scores
union
select id,name,'Math' as course from scores
union
select id,name,'English' as course from scores
结果集如下: