redis相比memcached不仅多了数据持久化的部分,对多种数据结构的支持和主从复制的支持也更好了。
在这个实验中我增加了2个redis slave,即1个master(6379端口),2个slave(6389和6399端口),同样的数据备份3次。
2个slave的配置文件redis_slave1.conf, redis_slave2.conf的部分配置
# redis_slave1.conf port 6389 slaveof localhost 6379 slave-read-only yes # redis_slave2.conf port 6399 slaveof localhost 6379 slave-read-only no
事后发现slave-read-only是个很鸡肋的选项,基本不是很有用。
然后用ruby写一段程序写一个字符串进去,当然是写到master的redis上。
1 # 20140202, redis_test_master.rb 2 3 require 'rubygems' 4 require 'redis' 5 6 redis=Redis.new(:host => "localhost", :port => 6379) 7 8 puts ">>>>>>>>>>TEST REDIS STRING>>>>>>>>>>" 9 redis.set:"str1","1234567890" 10 p redis.get:"str1" 11 puts "TEST " + (redis.type:"str1") + " END" 12 # redis.del:"str1"
输出是
>>>>>>>>>>TEST REDIS STRING>>>>>>>>>> "1234567890" TEST string END
然后再写一段ruby从slave1上读出来,
1 # 20140202, redis_test_slave1.rb 2 3 require 'rubygems' 4 require 'redis' 5 6 redis=Redis.new(:host => "localhost", :port => 6389) 7 8 puts ">>>>>>>>>>TEST REDIS STRING>>>>>>>>>>" 9 p redis.get:"str1" 10 puts "TEST " + (redis.type:"str1") + " END"
输出和master的那段程序一样,因为slave2上设置了可写,所以可以对slave2进行写操作,
1 # 20140202, redis_test_slave2.rb 2 3 require 'rubygems' 4 require 'redis' 5 6 redis=Redis.new(:host => "localhost", :port => 6399) 7 8 puts ">>>>>>>>>>TEST REDIS STRING>>>>>>>>>>" 9 p redis.get:"str1" 10 redis.set:"str1","12345" 11 p redis.get:"str1" 12 puts "TEST " + (redis.type:"str1") + " END" 13 # redis.del:"str1"
输出是
>>>>>>>>>>TEST REDIS STRING>>>>>>>>>> "1234567890" "12345" TEST string END
如果尝试对没有设置slave可写的redis slave做写的动作,当然会报错,我的程序ruby报错如下
/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/redis-3.0.7/lib/redis/client.rb:97:in `call': READONLY You can't write against a read only slave. (Redis::CommandError) from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/redis-3.0.7/lib/redis.rb:676:in `block in set' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/redis-3.0.7/lib/redis.rb:37:in `block in synchronize' from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/redis-3.0.7/lib/redis.rb:37:in `synchronize' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/redis-3.0.7/lib/redis.rb:672:in `set' from /home/arnes/project/ruby1/rb4/redis_test_slave2.rb:10:in `<main>' [Finished in 0.1s with exit code 1]
如果是用redis-cli做这个实验,尝试写redis slave会报错如下
(error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave.
那是不是只要用redis的话,就尽量打开slave可写选项呢?我认为,这个选项尽量不要打开,事实上,默认的redis.conf也是没有打开这个选项。原因是,即使打开了这个选项,向redis slave中写了数据,写入的数据也不会同步到master。所以,redis支持的是master-slave结构,而不是master-master这种双活结构。当下一次,master上的数据又有所修改之后,这个数据又会同步到slave上,slave上临时写入的数据就会被新的值覆盖。