实验环境：
服务端：OEL 5.7 + Oracle 10.2.0.5 RAC
客户端：Windows 7 + Oracle 11.2.0.1 Client
1.客户端登陆间断遭遇ORA-12545，现象如下：
C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1. Production on 星期二 5月 :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR:
ORA-: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败 请输入用户名:
C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1. Production on 星期二 5月 :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5. - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options SQL> exit
从 Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5. - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options 断开 C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1. Production on 星期二 5月 :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR:
ORA-: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败 请输入用户名:
2.检查相关配置信息：
2.1.检查网络：
ping 192.168.1.171 -t
网络没有丢包（实验过程遇到的网络是有丢包的是路由问题，已经事先将网络问题解决，但还报错）
tnsping 192.168.1.171
也很顺畅
2.2.检查RAC节点1主机的/etc/hosts内容：
[oracle@rac1-server ~]$ more /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
:: localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.171 rac1-server
192.168.1.172 rac1-server-vip 192.168.1.173 rac2-server
192.168.1.174 rac2-server-vip 10.10.10.171 rac1-server-priv
10.10.10.173 rac2-server-priv
[oracle@rac1-server ~]$
2.3.检查确认RAC节点1数据库的各种名字
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5. - Production on Tue May :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All Rights Reserved. Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5. - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options SQL> show parameter name NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string jy
db_unique_name string jy
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string jy1
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string jy.oracle.com
SQL>
2.4.检查RAC节点1主机的监听配置文件：
[oracle@rac1-server ~]$ cd /s01/oracle/product/10.2./db_1/network/admin
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$ ls
listener.ora samples shrept.lst tnsnames.ora
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$ more listener.ora
# listener.ora.rac1-server Network Configuration File: /s01/oracle/product/10.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora.rac1-server
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER_RAC1-SERVER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-server-vip)(PORT = )(IP = FIRST))
)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.171)(PORT = )(IP = FIRST))
)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))
)
)
) [oracle@rac1-server admin]$
2.5.检查RAC节点1的监听状态：
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5. - Production on -MAY- :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER_RAC1-SERVER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5. - Production
Start Date -MAY- ::
Uptime days hr. min. sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /s01/oracle/product/10.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /s01/oracle/product/10.2./db_1/network/log/listener_rac1-server.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.172)(PORT=)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.171)(PORT=)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_XPT" has instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "jy.oracle.com" has instance(s).
Instance "jy1", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Instance "jy2", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "jyXDB.oracle.com" has instance(s).
Instance "jy1", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Instance "jy2", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "jy_XPT.oracle.com" has instance(s).
Instance "jy1", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Instance "jy2", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$
3.解决思路：
3.1查看ora-12545错误号
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$ oerr ora
, , "Connect failed because target host or object does not exist"
// *Cause: The address specified is not valid, or the program being
// connected to does not exist.
// *Action: Ensure the ADDRESS parameters have been entered correctly; the
// most likely incorrect parameter is the node name. Ensure that the
// executable for the server exists (perhaps "oracle" is missing.)
// If the protocol is TCP/IP, edit the TNSNAMES.ORA file to change the
// host name to a numeric IP address and try again.
[oracle@rac1-server admin]$
3.2检查Windows客户机的hosts配置
添加RAC集群环境对外的public地址和网络名的对应关系：
# Copyright (c) - Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol.
#
# For example:
#
# 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server
# 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host # localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
# 127.0.0.1 localhost
# :: localhost
#127.0.0.1 webiq-cdn.appspot.com
192.168.1.171 rac1-server
192.168.1.172 rac1-server-vip 192.168.1.173 rac2-server
192.168.1.174 rac2-server-vip
添加成功后测试客户端连接不会再遭遇ORA-12545。
4.延伸：
针对RAC环境，客户端tnsnames.ora配置参考：
路径：F:\app\xiaoyu\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
JY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.172)(PORT = ))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.174)(PORT = ))
(LOAD_BALANCE = yes)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = jy.oracle.com)
(FAILOVER_MODE =
(TYPE = session)
(METHOD = basic)
(RETRIES = )
(DELAY = )
)
)
)
5.总结：
客户端连接RAC环境，客户端建议配置hosts文件。否则可能遭遇ORA-12545。