之前的文章介绍了LVS负载均衡-基础知识梳理, 下面记录下LVS+Keepalived高可用环境部署梳理（主主和主从模式）的操作流程:
一、LVS+Keepalived主从热备的高可用环境部署
1）环境准备
LVS_Keepalived_Master 182.148.15.237
LVS_Keepalived_Backup 182.148.15.236
Real_Server1 182.148.15.233
Real_Server2 182.148.15.238
VIP 182.148.15.239 系统版本都是centos6.8 特别注意：
Director Server与Real Server必须有一块网卡连在同一物理网段上！否则lvs会转发失败！
在远程telnet vip port会报错：
"telnet: connect to address *.*.*.*: No route to host"
基本的网络拓扑图如下：
2）LVS_keepalived_Master和LVS_keepalived_Backup两台服务器上安装配置LVS和keepalived的操作记录：
1）关闭 SElinux、配置防火墙（在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上都要操作）
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# setenforce 0 #临时关闭selinux。上面文件配置后，重启机器后就永久生效。 注意下面182.148.15.0/24是服务器的公网网段，192.168.1.0/24是服务器的私网网段
一定要注意：加上这个组播规则后，MASTER和BACKUP故障时，才能实现VIP资源的正常转移。其故障恢复后，VIP也还会正常转移回来。
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
.......
-A INPUT -s 182.148.15.0/24 -d 224.0.0.18 -j ACCEPT #允许组播地址通信。
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 224.0.0.18 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 182.148.15.0/24 -p vrrp -j ACCEPT #允许 VRRP（虚拟路由器冗余协）通信
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p vrrp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2）LVS安装（在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上都要操作）
需要安装以下软件包
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# yum install -y libnl* popt* 查看是否加载lvs模块
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# modprobe -l |grep ipvs 下载并安装LVS
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
解压安装
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.5.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# cd ipvsadm-1.26
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ipvsadm-1.26]# make && make install LVS安装完成，查看当前LVS集群
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ipvsadm-1.26]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3）编写LVS启动脚本/etc/init.d/realserver（在Real_Server1 和Real_Server2上都要操作，realserver脚本内容是一样的）
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver
#!/bin/sh
VIP=182.148.15.239
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in
# 禁用本地的ARP请求、绑定本地回环地址
start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up #在回环地址上绑定VIP，设定掩码，与Direct Server（自身）上的IP保持通信
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "LVS-DR real server stopped.\n"
;;
status)
isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"`
isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`
if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then
echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server is running."
fi
exit 3
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0 将lvs脚本加入开机自启动
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver start" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local 启动LVS脚本(注意：如果这两台realserver机器重启了，一定要确保service realserver start 启动了，即lo:0本地回环上绑定了vip地址，否则lvs转发失败！)
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver start
LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n 查看Real_Server1服务器，发现VIP已经成功绑定到本地回环口lo上了
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:D1:27:75
inet addr:182.148.15.233 Bcast:182.148.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.224
inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fed1:2775/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:309741 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:27993954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:37897512 (36.1 MiB) TX bytes:23438654329 (21.8 GiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) lo:0 Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:182.148.15.239 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4）安装Keepalived（LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器都要操作）
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# yum install -y openssl-devel
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# tar -zvxf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# cd keepalived-1.3.5
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived #添加执行权限
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# chkconfig keepalived on #设置开机启动
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived start #启动
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived stop #关闭
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived restart #重启 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5）接着配置LVS+Keepalived配置 现在LVS_Keepalived_Master和LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上打开ip_forward转发功能
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上的keepalived.conf配置：
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
router_id LVS_Master
} vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #指定instance初始状态，实际根据优先级决定.backup节点不一样
interface eth0 #虚拟IP所在网
virtual_router_id 51 #VRID，相同VRID为一个组，决定多播MAC地址
priority 100 #优先级，另一台改为90.backup节点不一样
advert_int 1 #检查间隔
authentication {
auth_type PASS #认证方式，可以是pass或ha
auth_pass 1111 #认证密码
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.239 #VIP
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {
delay_loop 6 #服务轮询的时间间隔
lb_algo wrr #加权轮询调度，LVS调度算法 rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|sh
lb_kind DR #LVS集群模式 NAT|DR|TUN，其中DR模式要求负载均衡器网卡必须有一块与物理网卡在同一个网段
#nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP #健康检查协议 ## Real Server设置，80就是连接端口
real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3 ##权重
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} 启动keepalived
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ] [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.48.115.237/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.48.115.239/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 注意此时网卡的变化，可以看到虚拟网卡已经分配到了realserver上。
此时查看LVS集群状态，可以看到集群下有两个Real Server，调度算法，权重等信息。ActiveConn代表当前Real Server的活跃连接数。
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 182.48.115.239:80 wrr persistent 50
-> 182.48.115.233:80 Route 3 0 0
-> 182.48.115.238:80 Route 3 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上的keepalived.conf配置：
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
router_id LVS_Backup
} vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.239
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ] 查看LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上，发现VIP默认在LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上，只要当LVS_Keepalived_Backup发生故障时，VIP资源才会飘到自己这边来。
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:7c:b8:f0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.48.115.236/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.48.115.239/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe7c:b8f0/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 182.48.115.239:80 wrr persistent 50
-> 182.48.115.233:80 Route 3 0 0
-> 182.48.115.238:80 Route 3 0 0
3）后端两台Real Server上的操作
在两台Real Server上配置好nginx，nginx安装配置过程省略。
分别在两台Real Server上配置两个域名www.wangshibo.com和www.guohuihui.com。 在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上要能正常访问这两个域名
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.238 www.wangshibo.com
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com
this is page of Real_Server2:182.148.15.238 www.guohuihui.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.238 www.wangshibo.com
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com
this is page of Real_Server2:182.148.15.238 www.guohuihui.com 关闭182.148.15.238这台机器（即Real_Server2）的nginx，发现对应域名的请求就会到Real_Server1上
[root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
[root@Real_Server2 ~]# lsof -i:80
[root@Real_Server2 ~]# 再次在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器*问这两个域名，就会发现已经负载到Real_Server1上了
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.wangshibo.com
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.guohuihui.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.wangshibo.com
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com
this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.guohuihui.com 另外，设置这两台Real Server的iptables，让其80端口只对前面的两个vip资源开放
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
......
-A INPUT -s 182.148.15.239 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
4）测试
将www.wangshibo.com和www.guohuihui.com测试域名解析到VIP：182.148.15.239，然后在浏览器里是可以正常访问的。
1）测试LVS功能（上面Keepalived的lvs配置中，自带了健康检查，当后端服务器的故障出现故障后会自动从lvs集群中踢出，当故障恢复后，再自动加入到集群中）
先查看当前LVS集群，如下：发现后端两台Real Server的80端口都运行正常
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50
-> 182.148.15.233:80 Route 3 0 0
-> 182.148.15.238:80 Route 3 0 0 现在测试关闭一台Real Server,比如Real_Server2
[root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 过一会儿再次查看当前LVS集群，如下：发现Real_Server2已经被踢出当前LVS集群了
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50
-> 182.148.15.233:80 Route 3 0 0 最后重启Real_Server2的80端口，发现LVS集群里又再次将其添加进来了
[root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50
-> 182.148.15.233:80 Route 3 0 0
-> 182.148.15.238:80 Route 3 0 0 以上测试中，http://www.wangshibo.com和http://www.guohuihui.com域名访问都不受影响。 2）测试Keepalived心跳测试的高可用
默认情况下，VIP资源是在LVS_Keepalived_Master上
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 然后关闭LVS_Keepalived_Master的keepalived，发现VIP就会转移到LVS_Keepalived_Backup上。
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
Stopping keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 查看系统日志，能查看到LVS_Keepalived_Master的VIP的移动信息
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
.............
May 8 10:19:36 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: TCP connection to [182.148.15.233]:80 failed.
May 8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: TCP connection to [182.148.15.233]:80 failed.
May 8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: Check on service [182.148.15.233]:80 failed after 1 retry.
May 8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: Removing service [182.148.15.233]:80 from VS [182.148.15.239]:80 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:7c:b8:f0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.148.15.236/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe7c:b8f0/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 接着再重新启动LVS_Keepalived_Master的keepalived，发现VIP又转移回来了
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0
inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 查看系统日志，能查看到LVS_Keepalived_Master的VIP转移回来的信息
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
.............
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
May 8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239
二、LVS+Keepalived主主热备的高可用环境部署
主主环境相比于主从环境，区别只在于：
1）LVS负载均衡层需要两个VIP。比如182.148.15.239和182.148.15.235
2）后端的realserver上要绑定这两个VIP到lo本地回环口上
3）Keepalived.conf的配置相比于上面的主从模式也有所不同 主主架构的具体配置如下：
1）编写LVS启动脚本（在Real_Server1 和Real_Server2上都要操作，realserver脚本内容是一样的） 由于后端realserver机器要绑定两个VIP到本地回环口lo上（分别绑定到lo:0和lo:1），所以需要编写两个启动脚本 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver1
#!/bin/sh
VIP=182.148.15.239
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "LVS-DR real server stopped.\n"
;;
status)
isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"`
isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`
if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then
echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server is running."
fi
exit 3
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver2
#!/bin/sh
VIP=182.148.15.235
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:1
echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 down
/sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "LVS-DR real server stopped.\n"
;;
status)
isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 | grep "$VIP"`
isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`
if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then
echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server is running."
fi
exit 3
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0 将lvs脚本加入开机自启动
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver1
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver2
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver1" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver2" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local 启动LVS脚本
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver1 start
LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n [root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver2 start
LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n 查看Real_Server1服务器，发现VIP已经成功绑定到本地回环口lo上了
[root@Real_Server1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:D1:27:75
inet addr:182.148.15.233 Bcast:182.148.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.224
inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fed1:2775/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:309741 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:27993954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:37897512 (36.1 MiB) TX bytes:23438654329 (21.8 GiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) lo:0 Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:182.148.15.239 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 lo:1 Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:182.148.15.235 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 2）Keepalived.conf的配置
LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上的Keepalived.conf配置
先打开ip_forward路由转发功能
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
router_id LVS_Master
} vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.239
}
} vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 52
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.235
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
#nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.235 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
#nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上的Keepalived.conf配置
[root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
router_id LVS_Backup
} vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state Backup
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.239
}
} vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state Master
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 52
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
182.148.15.235
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
#nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} virtual_server 182.148.15.235 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
#nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
} 其他验证操作和上面主从模式一样~~~