一,搭建匿名FTP服务器
实现ftp匿名登录,上传,下载,重命名文件。
1. 首先安装vsftpd:sudo apt-get install vsftpd,装好之后,默认的ftp根目录是在 /srv/ftp
2. 为该目录设置分组及权限: (默认分组和权限如下,不用改)
sudo chown root:ftp /srv/ftp
sudo chmod 755 /srv/ftp (注意:vsftpd对ftp的根目录权限有要求,最好是755,我试过777,会出错,连不上ftp)
3. 接着创建子文件夹,并设置子文件夹的分组及权限
sudo mkdir /srv/ftp/upload
sudo chown root:ftp /srv/ftp/upload
sudo chmod 777 /srv/ftp/upload (为该子文件夹设置777权限,可使匿名用户在upload文件夹里面上传文件。注意:匿名用户在ftp文件夹里是无法上传文件的)
4. 配置vsftpd.conf
sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.conf
主要添加以下几项():
anonymous_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_other_write_enable=YES
anon_umask=022
然后保存,退出,重启vsftpd即可
sudo service vsftpd restart
若想修改ftp的根目录,在配置文件中加一句
anon_root=/home/uftp (注意:这里的uftp文件夹需设置文件夹分组及权限,具体步骤和上面相同)
vsftpd.conf文件内容如下
- # Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
- #
- # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
- # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
- # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
- #
- # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
- # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
- # capabilities.
- #
- #
- # Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
- # daemon started from an initscript.
- listen=YES
- #
- # Run standalone with IPv6?
- # Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket
- # instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually
- # exclusive.
- #listen_ipv6=YES
- #
- # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default)
- anonymous_enable=YES
- ftp_username=ftp
- no_anon_password=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
- local_enable=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
- write_enable=YES
- #
- # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
- # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
- local_umask=022
- anon_umask=022
- #
- # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
- # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
- # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
- anon_upload_enable=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
- # new directories.
- anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
- anon_other_write_enable=YES
- #
- # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
- # go into a certain directory.
- dirmessage_enable=YES
- #
- # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
- # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
- # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
- # option.
- use_localtime=YES
- #
- # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
- xferlog_enable=YES
- #
- # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
- connect_from_port_20=YES
- #
- # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
- # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
- # recommended!
- #chown_uploads=YES
- #chown_username=whoever
- #
- # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
- # below.
- #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
- #
- # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
- # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
- #xferlog_std_format=YES
- #
- # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
- #idle_session_timeout=600
- #
- # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
- #data_connection_timeout=120
- #
- # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
- # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
- #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
- #
- # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
- # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
- # however, may confuse older FTP clients.
- #async_abor_enable=YES
- #
- # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
- # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
- # mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
- # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
- # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
- # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
- # raw file.
- # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
- #ascii_upload_enable=YES
- #ascii_download_enable=YES
- #
- # You may fully customise the login banner string:
- #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
- #
- # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
- # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
- #deny_email_enable=YES
- # (default follows)
- #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
- #
- # You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
- # the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
- # chroot_list_enable below.
- #chroot_local_user=YES
- #
- # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
- # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
- # users to NOT chroot().
- # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
- # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
- # chroot)
- #chroot_local_user=YES
- #chroot_list_enable=YES
- # (default follows)
- #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
- #
- # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
- # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
- # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
- # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
- #ls_recurse_enable=YES
- #
- # Customization
- #
- # Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
- # default.
- #
- # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
- # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
- # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
- # access.
- secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
- #
- # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
- pam_service_name=vsftpd
- #
- # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
- # encrypted connections.
- rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
- # This option specifies the location of the RSA key to use for SSL
- # encrypted connections.</span>
- rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key</span>
5. 访问方式
在网页上输入ftp://ip地址
二. 搭建本地需要密码验证的FTP服务器
三:ubuntu下vsftpd虚拟用户的配置
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