nginx 的基本配置

时间:2021-08-04 06:51:32

安装(mac):关于brew  的问题:http://www.cnblogs.com/adouwt/p/8042201.html

brew install nginx 

启动:

brew services start  nginx 

重启:

brew services restart  nginx 

停止:

brew services stop nginx 

修改配置文件:

安装成功后,会在/etc/nginx 有个 nginx.conf 文件,这里做一些反向代理的操作

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server {
listen 80;      // 监听端口
server_name localhost; // 本地访问的域名
charset utf-8;      // 编码格式
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
root /Users/wangtao/Desktop/my-test-
files; // 访问的根路径 这个是我本地的桌面的某个文件夹的地址
index iindex.html iindex.htm;
     // 默认访问的文件, 我把它改了不是 index.html 主要就是想访问的是这个文件夹,不是某个默认的文件
# 开启目录浏览
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
autoindex_localtime on; #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
} # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} # HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include vhosts/*.conf; // 这里include 的配置 意思是 同级目录下 vhost 的文件夹下所有 .conf 的配置文件
}

知道这些简单的配置知识,我们就可以进行简单的做一些反向代理了,可以在这个 vhost 下新建我们的配置文件,当然这个文件夹是可以随便取名字的。我们新建一个文件叫myself.conf

server {
listen ; // 反向代理的时候,基本都是这个80端口,服务启动的是那个端口就代理哪个端口
server_name test.itlab.wang; // 访问的域名 location / {
root /Users/wangtao/it-cloud-lab/www-mobile-client-phone/dist; // 访问的根目录地址,我这里是webpack 打包的一个地址
index index.html; // 默认访问的 index.html 的文件
}
}

修改配置文件后,需要重新加载下配置nginx文件,  nginx -s reload   如果这个nginx 服务是root 权限的时候,加sudo 启动  sudo nginx -s reload  ,这时候需要输入计算机密码

这个命令可以按字面意思解释: 保存并重载

启动: /usr/sbin/nginx

停止: sudo nginx -s stop

linux (阿里云服务器):

安装依赖:

yum install -y epel-*
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel 安装nginx
yum install nginx
安装好后就是 修改配置文件 。做一些反向代理的操作

下面的就是 将9000端口的服务代理到80端口,通过访问 csa.scampus.cn 就可以看到程序了

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name csa.scampus.cn;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9000;
  }
 }


出现问题:

nginx 配置静态文件时候 访问出现403 

解决:

尝试授权:

  新建的静态文件夹权限不够,授权:  chmod a+x /root/static   给static文件夹授权 ,nginx 静态文件配置到static的下面的

windows 安装

一. 下载

 
下载后解压,如下
nginx 的基本配置

二. 修改配置文件

nginx配置文件在 nginx-1.14.0\conf\nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes ; #error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events {
worker_connections ;
} http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout ;
keepalive_timeout ; #gzip on; server {
listen ;
server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / {
root E:\vue\vue-dist\dist;
index index.html index.htm;
} #error_page /.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
} # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
server {
listen ;
server_name localhost; location / {
root E:\mystatic_folder;
index iindex.html iindex.htm;
autoindex on; }
} # HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen ssl;
# server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#} }

三. 启动

 注意不要直接双击nginx.exe,这样会导致修改配置后重启、停止nginx无效,需要手动关闭任务管理器内的所有nginx进程
 
在nginx.exe目录,打开命令行工具,用命令 启动/关闭/重启nginx 
 
start nginx : 启动nginx
nginx -s reload  :修改配置后重新加载生效
nginx -s reopen  :重新打开日志文件
nginx -t -c /path/to/nginx.conf 测试nginx配置文件是否正确

关闭nginx:
nginx -s stop  :快速停止nginx
nginx -s quit  :完整有序的停止nginx

如果遇到报错:

bash: nginx: command not found

有可能是你再linux命令行环境下运行了windows命令,

如果你之前是允许 nginx -s reload报错, 试下 ./nginx -s reload

或者 用windows系统自带命令行工具运行