客户要求搭建一套测试库，现在环境是window下oracle RAC，使用能使用导入导出最好，但是目前是归档模式，使用导入导出风险太大，使用RMAN备份服务器上没有足够的空间。好吧，最好的方法就是RMAN duplicate的方法了。先在单机环境测试一下！
Oracle 11g的RMAN duplicate 可以通过Activedatabase duplicate和Backup-based duplicate两种方法实现。本案例使用的是Active database duplicate，对于Active databaseduplicate来说，在克隆数据库时不用对Source备份，这对于大数据特别是T级别的数据库来说优点非常明显，复制前不需要进行备份，减少了备份和传送备份的时间，同时节省备份空间。
本次测试将PROD2数据库复制到另外一台服务器上，名称为PROD5
查看源库信息
源库必须为归档模式，并启用快速恢复区；确认数据文件和日志文件路径！
[oracle@orar2p1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 14:56:01 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With thePartitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@PROD2>selectstatus from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
SYS@PROD2>selectname from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/example01.dbf
SYS@PROD2>selectmember from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo01.log
SYS@PROD2>showparameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string PROD2
db_unique_name string PROD2
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string PROD2
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
service_names string PROD2.us.oracle.com
构建测试库PROD5：
1）生成测试库pfile
可以将源库的pfile拷贝过来，将名称替换，也可以重新生成pfile，下面是重新生成的！
[oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ cat init.ora | grep -v ^#| grep -v ^$ >initPROD5.ora
[oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ vi initPROD5.ora
db_name='PROD5'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD5/adump'
audit_trail='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain='us.oracle.com'
db_recovery_file_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='$ORACLE_BASE'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=PROD5XDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' 此处必须和源库名称一样！
control_files ='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/ora_control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/ora_control02.ctl'
compatible='11.2.0'
db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/'
log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD2/onlinelog/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/'（日志文件的对应关系必须确认好，否则会报错）
2）创建测试库相关目录（根据pfile信息创建相关目录）
[oracle@orar2p2oradata]$ mkdir PROD5
[oracle@orar2p2oradata]$ cd ../admin
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ mkdir -p PROD5/adump
3）生成口令文件 可以直接将源库的密码文件拷贝过来，或者重新生成，但是两边的密码必须一致！
oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD5 password=oracle entries=30
传输参数文件scp initPROD2.ora oracle@192.0.2.12:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
传输密码文件scp orapwPROD2 oracle@192.0.2.12:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwPROD5
测试库启动到nomout状态
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=PROD5
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 08:35:48 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to anidle instance.
SYS@PROD5>startupnomount
配置监听
两端都要配置源库和目标库的监听和tnsname.ora
源库静态监听信息
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD2.us.oracle.com)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD2))
)
源库tnsnames.ora配置信息
PROD2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p1.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD2.us.oracle.com)
)
)
PROD5 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p2.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD5.us.oracle.com)
)
)
目标库静态监听信息
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME =PROD5.us.oracle.com)
(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME =PROD5)
)
)
目标库tnsnames.ora配置信息
PROD2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p1.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD2.us.oracle.com)
)
)
PROD5 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p2.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD5.us.oracle.com)
)
)
在源库PROD2启动rman，复制数据库
开始数据库复制
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@prod2 auxiliary sys/oracle@prod5
RecoveryManager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Sep 5 08:26:17 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected totarget database: PROD2 (DBID=1512727797)
connected toauxiliary database: PROD5 (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database to prod5 from active database nofilenamecheck;
duplicate targetdatabase to prod from active database nofilenamecheck;
--如果主备库文件路径不变，要加nofilenamecheck（否则会报错）
验证克隆
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ sql
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 08:41:35 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With thePartitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@PROD5>selectstatus from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
SYS@PROD5>selectname from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/example01.dbf
SYS@PROD5>selectmember from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo01.log
SYS@PROD5>showparameter control
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
_optimizer_extended_stats_usage_continteger 192
rol
_optimizer_join_order_control integer 3
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/
ora_control01.ctl,/u01/app/or
acle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/
ora_control02.ctl
control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
SYS@PROD5>
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