centos下mysql多实例安装3306、3307实例(2014-10-15)

时间:2021-12-17 05:17:36

背景说明


      mysql的安装方法有多种,如二进制安装、源码编译安装、yum安装等。yum安装只能安装mysql 5.1 版本;源码安装编译的过程比较长,若没有对源码进行修改且要求使用mysql较高版本,建议使用二进制安装。本文以二进制安装mysql,且使用mysqld_mutil进行mysql多实例管理。

是否安装了mysql


首先查看下服务器中是否有安装mysql,若端口被占用,则需要选择其他端口。 centos下mysql多实例安装3306、3307实例(2014-10-15)

下载mysql 

cd /usr/src
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

解压及迁移

tar -zxvf  mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

关闭防火墙

临时关闭:service iptables stop
永久关闭:chkconfig iptables off

关闭selinux

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 
将SELINUX修改为DISABLED,即SELINUX=DISABLED

初始化用户组及用户

创建一个mysql用户组及用户,且这个用户是不可登录的
创建用户组:groupadd mysql
创建不可登录用户:useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /opt/mysql mysql
查看下创建后的用户信息:id msyql
# id mysql
uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)

创建相关目录

cd /
mkdir /data
cd /data
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
mkdir {mysql_3306,mysql_3307}
cd /data/mysql/mysql_3306
mkdir {data,log,tmp}
cd /data/mysql/mysql_3307
mkdir {data,log,tmp}

更改目录权限

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

添加环境变量

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >>  /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

复制my.cnf文件到etc目录


cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

修改my.cnf

将以下内容,全部替换 /etc/my.cnf中的内容: 
[client] 
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql /bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql /bin/mysqladmin
log = /data/mysql/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqld3306]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
port=3306
server_id=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql_3306.sock
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/log/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/log/error.log
binlog_format = mixed
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/log/mysql3306_bin

[mysqld3307]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3307/data
port=3307
server_id=3307
socket=/tmp/mysql_3307.sock
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_3307/log/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_3307/log/error.log
binlog_format = mixed
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_3307/log/mysql3307_bin

初始化数据库

初始化3306数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
初始化3307数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3307/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
说明:
--basedir:mysql的安装目录--datadir:数据库的数据文件目录--defaults-file:mysql配置文件目录
需要看两个Ok,才说明成功,如下图:centos下mysql多实例安装3306、3307实例(2014-10-15)

查看数据库是否初始化成功

cd /data/mysql/mysql_3306/datacentos下mysql多实例安装3306、3307实例(2014-10-15)

设置启动文件

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

mysqld_multi进行多实例管理

启动全部实例:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start
查看全部实例状态:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi report
启动单个实例:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3306
停止单个实例:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 3306
查看单个实例状态:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi report 3306

修改密码

由于mysql的root用户初始密码是空,所以需要登录mysql进行修改密码,下面以3306为例:
mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
set password for root@'localhost'=password('123456');
flush privileges;

新建用户及授权

一般新建数据库都需要新增一个用户,用于程序连接,这类用户只需要insert、update、delete、select权限。新增一个用户,并授权如下:
grant select,delete,update,insert on *.* to admin@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;