ProtoBuf，全称是Protocol Buffers, 它是谷歌内部用的一种高效的、可扩展的对结构化数据进行编码的格式规范。谷歌自己内部很多程序之间的通信协议都用了ProtoBuf。
下面介绍的是使用Java ProtoBuf的基本步骤：
1.http://code.google.com/p/protobuf/downloads/list ，选择其中的win版本下载
2.下载一个protobuf-java-2.4.1.jar文件（注意，要与你刚才下的proto.exe版本相同，否则可能出现编译通不过现象）
http://grepcode.com/snapshot/repo1.maven.org/maven2/com.google.protobuf/protobuf-java/2.4.1
3.在proto.exe同级目录，编写一个msg.proto文件：
package tutorial;
option java_package = "com.protobuftest.protobuf";
option java_outer_classname = "PersonProbuf";
message Person {
required string name = 1;
required int32 id = 2;
optional string email = 3;
enum PhoneType {
MOBILE = 0;
HOME = 1;
WORK = 2;
}
message PhoneNumber {
required string number = 1;
optional PhoneType type = 2 [default = HOME];
}
repeated PhoneNumber phone = 4;
message CountryInfo {
required string name = 1;
required string code = 2;
optional int32 number = 3;
}
}
message AddressBook {
repeated Person person = 1;
}
4.使用如下命令编译这个文件：
protoc.exe --java_out=./ msg.proto
5.将生成的ProtoBufferPractice.java文件引入eclipse
6.把下载的protobuf-java-2.4.1.jar也引入工程
7.使用方法：
package com.protobuftest;
import java.util.List;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import com.protobuftest.protobuf.PersonProbuf;
import com.protobuftest.protobuf.PersonProbuf.Person;
import com.protobuftest.protobuf.PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneNumber;
import com.protobuftest.protobuf.PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneNumberOrBuilder;
import com.protobuftest.protobuf.PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneType;
public class ProtoBufTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
PersonProbuf.Person.Builder builder = PersonProbuf.Person.newBuilder();
builder.setEmail("kkk@email.com");
builder.setId(1);
builder.setName("TestName");
builder.addPhone(PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneNumber.newBuilder().setNumber("131111111").setType(PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneType.MOBILE));
builder.addPhone(PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneNumber.newBuilder().setNumber("011111").setType(PersonProbuf.Person.PhoneType.HOME));
Person person = builder.build();
byte[] buf = person.toByteArray();
try {
Person person2 = PersonProbuf.Person.parseFrom(buf);
System.out.println(person2.getName() + ", " + person2.getEmail());
List<PhoneNumber> lstPhones = person2.getPhoneList();
for (PhoneNumber phoneNumber : lstPhones) {
System.out.println(phoneNumber.getNumber());
}
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(buf);
}
}