Nginx入门篇(三)之虚拟主机配置

时间:2021-05-17 04:44:49
  • 一、虚拟主机概念

  所谓虚拟主机,在Web服务当中就是一个独立的网站站点,这个站点对应独立的域名(也有可能是IP或者端口),具有独立的程序和资源目录,可以独立地对外提供服务供用户访问。

  这个独立的站点在配置里是由一定格式的标签进行标记,和apache相对比,apache的虚拟主机的标签段通常是以<VirtualHost></VirtualHost>进行标注的,而Nginx则是以Server{}标签段来标示一个虚拟主机。一个Web服务中支持多个虚拟主机站点。

  • 二、虚拟主机类型

和apache一样,虚拟主机主要有3种:

(1)基于域名的虚拟主机

(2)基于端口的虚拟主机

(3)基于IP的虚拟主机

  • 三、三种虚拟主机类型配置演练

(1)基于域名域名的虚拟主机配置

(1)修改主配置文件nginx.conf,加载虚拟主机配置
[root@localhost conf]# grep -Ev "^$|#" nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
events {
worker_connections ;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout ;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf;  #包含虚拟主机配置
} (2)创建虚拟主机配置文件,并增加虚拟主机
[root@localhost conf]# mkdir vhosts && cd vhosts/
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim www.abc.org.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.abc.org;
root /vhosts/html/www;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
[root@localhost vhosts]# cp www.abc.org.conf bbs.abc.org.conf
[root@localhost vhosts]# cp www.abc.org.conf blog.abc.org.conf
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim bbs.abc.org.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.abc.org;
root /vhosts/html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim blog.abc.org.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.abc.org;
root /vhosts/html/blog;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
} (3)创建虚拟主机主页
[root@localhost vhosts]# mkdir /vhosts/html/{www,bbs,blog}
[root@localhost vhosts]# echo "welcome to www.abc.org" >> /vhosts/html/www/index.html
[root@localhost vhosts]# echo "welcome to bbs.abc.org" >> /vhosts/html/bbs/index.html
[root@localhost vhosts]# echo "welcome to blog.abc.org" >> /vhosts/html/blog/index.html (4)检查语法,重载nginx
[root@localhost vhosts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost vhosts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

windows下做hosts解析

192.168.56.11  www.abc.org bbs.abc.org blog.abc.org  分别访问

Nginx入门篇(三)之虚拟主机配置Nginx入门篇(三)之虚拟主机配置Nginx入门篇(三)之虚拟主机配置

(2)基于端口的虚拟主机配置

(1)修改bbs和blog站点监听端口
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim bbs.abc.org.conf
listen ;
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim blog.abc.org.conf
listen
[root@localhost vhosts]# export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/:$PATH (2)检查语法,重载nginx
[root@localhost vhosts]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost vhosts]# nginx -s reload (3)测试访问页面
[root@localhost ~]# curl www.abc.org
welcome to www.abc.org
[root@localhost ~]# curl bbs.abc.org:
welcome to bbs.abc.org
[root@localhost ~]# curl blog.abc.org:
welcome to blog.abc.org

以上端口可以随意更改,但是不能和已有服务冲突,原则上应该是大于1024小于65535的任意端口

(3)基于IP的虚拟主机配置

(1)增加虚拟网卡eth0:0和eth0:1
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0: 192.168.56.110/ up
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0: 192.168.56.111/ up
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0:
eth0:: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.56.110 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255
ether :0c::ce::fd txqueuelen (Ethernet) [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0:
eth0:: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.56.111 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255
ether :0c::ce::fd txqueuelen (Ethernet) (2)修改虚拟主机配置server_name为ip访问
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim bbs.abc.org.conf
listen ;
server_name 192.168.56.110;
[root@localhost vhosts]# vim blog.abc.org.conf
listen ;
server_name 192.168.56.111; (3)检测语法,重载nginx,测试访问
[root@localhost vhosts]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.15.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost vhosts]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.56.110:8081/
welcome to bbs.abc.org
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.56.111:8082/
welcome to blog.abc.org