需要帮助来优化MySQL查询

I have 6 tables:

我有6张桌子：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_groups` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `active` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',
  `dnd` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=32 ;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_newsletter` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `created_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `from` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `mail` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `subject` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `body` text COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci,
  `attach1` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `attach2` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `attach3` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci AUTO_INCREMENT=14;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_news_groups` (
  `newsletter_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `groups` int(11) NOT NULL,
  KEY `fk_sbpr_news_groups_sbpr_newsletter1` (`newsletter_id`),
  KEY `fk_sbpr_news_groups_sbpr_groups1` (`groups`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_news_recs` (
  `newsletter_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `recipients` int(11) NOT NULL,
  KEY `fk_sbpr_news_recs_sbpr_newsletter1` (`newsletter_id`),
  KEY `fk_sbpr_news_recs_sbpr_recipients1` (`recipients`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_recipients` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `mail` varchar(160) DEFAULT NULL,
  `date_reg` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `active` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=3008 ;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `sbpr_rec_groups` (
  `rec_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `group` int(11) NOT NULL,
  KEY `fk_sbpr_rec_groups_sbpr_recipients` (`rec_id`),
  KEY `fk_sbpr_rec_groups_sbpr_groups1` (`group`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;

With this foregin keys:

使用此foregin键：

ALTER TABLE `sbpr_news_groups`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_news_groups_sbpr_groups1` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`groups`) REFERENCES `sbpr_groups` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_news_groups_sbpr_newsletter1` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`newsletter_id`) REFERENCES `sbpr_newsletter` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

ALTER TABLE `sbpr_news_recs`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_news_recs_sbpr_newsletter1` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`newsletter_id`) REFERENCES `sbpr_newsletter` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_news_recs_sbpr_recipients1` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`recipients`) REFERENCES `sbpr_recipients` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

ALTER TABLE `sbpr_rec_groups`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_rec_groups_sbpr_groups1` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`group`) REFERENCES `sbpr_groups` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_sbpr_rec_groups_sbpr_recipients` 
    FOREIGN KEY (`rec_id`) REFERENCES `sbpr_recipients` (`id`) 
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

Visual structure of tables:

表的可视结构：

I want to select all rows from sbpr_newsletter table, and add to each of these lines the number of rows from sbpr_recipients whose id prescribed in sbpr_news_recs or prescribed in sbpr_rec_groups depence on FKs.

我想从sbpr_newsletter表中选择所有行，并在每个行中添加sbpr_recipients中的行数，这些行的sbpr_news_recs中规定的id或sbpr_rec_groups中规定的fK依赖于fKs。

Ex. I whant to select count of all recipients of curent newsletter wich are in sbpr_news_recs or exists in group wich are in sbpr_rec_groups plus count of active recipients.

防爆。我想选择在sbpr_news_recs中存在的所有收件人的数量，或者存在于sbpr_rec_groups中的组中，加上活跃收件人的数量。

I have workinq SQL:

我有workinq SQL：

SELECT d.id,  d.subject , d.created_date,
    (SELECT count(*) FROM sbpr_recipients r
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_recs nr ON nr.recipients = r.id
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_rec_groups g ON g.rec_id = r.id
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_groups ng ON ng.groups = g.group
      WHERE nr.newsletter_id = d.id OR ng.newsletter_id = d.id) AS repicients,

    (SELECT count(*) FROM sbpr_recipients r
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_recs nr ON nr.recipients = r.id
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_rec_groups g ON g.rec_id = r.id
      LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_groups ng ON ng.groups = g.group
      WHERE (nr.newsletter_id = d.id OR ng.newsletter_id = d.id) 
      AND r.active = 1) AS active_repicients
FROM sbpr_newsletter d
ORDER BY d.id ASC, d.id

Explain of this sql:

解释这个sql：

Question: How can I optimize my sql?

问题：如何优化我的sql？

3 个解决方案

#1

Just approach to optimize, two SELECT queries are transfered into JOIN clause -

只是进行优化，将两个SELECT查询转换为JOIN子句 -

SELECT d.id
     , d.subject
     , d.created_date
     , count(if(nr_newsletter_id is not null or ng_newsletter_id is not null, 1, null)) repicients
     , count(if((nr_newsletter_id is not null or ng_newsletter_id is not null) and t.active = 1, 1, null)) active_repicients
FROM
  sbpr_newsletter d
LEFT JOIN (
  SELECT nr.newsletter_id nr_newsletter_id
       , ng.newsletter_id ng_newsletter_id
       , r.active
  FROM
    sbpr_recipients r
  LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_recs nr
    ON nr.recipients = r.id
  LEFT JOIN sbpr_rec_groups g
    ON g.rec_id = r.id
  LEFT JOIN sbpr_news_groups ng
    ON ng.groups = g.group
  ) t
ON nr_newsletter_id = d.id OR ng_newsletter_id = d.id
GROUP BY
  d.id;

I rewrited your query a little, it is not tested, but try it.

我重新写了一下你的查询，它没有经过测试，但是试试看。

#2

You COULD create a view and query that instead - trade off is storage but should vastly remove load from server...

你可以创建一个视图和查询，相反 - 权衡是存储，但应该大大删除服务器的负载......

#3

The subquery for recipients / active_recipients runs twice, and each time returns 3311 records, so it would be worth defining as a view.

recipients / active_recipients的子查询运行两次，每次返回3311条记录，因此值得定义为视图。

Otherwise, define indexes on the foreign keys you use in joins.

否则，在连接中使用的外键上定义索引。