天气类API调用的代码示例合集:全国天气预报、实时空气质量数据查询、PM2.5空气质量指数等

时间:2022-07-31 01:53:15

以下示例代码适用于 www.apishop.net 网站下的API,使用本文提及的接口调用代码示例前,您需要先申请相应的API服务。

  1. 全国天气预报:数据来自国家气象局,可根据地名、经纬度GPS、IP查询对应地区的预报。
  2. 实时空气质量数据查询:空气质量实时发布的数据
  3. PM2.5空气质量指数:支持全国367个城市空气质量指数,提供实时空气质量情况,每小时更新,服务支持功能包括:实时查询空气质量,小时粒度;实时给出空气质量级别和首要污染物等
  4. 全国天气查询-简易版:返回地点、温度、空气湿度、风向、风力等信息

**API Shop(apishop.net)提供多达50款的常用第三方API,可以从github上下载代码示例合集:https://github.com/apishop/All-APIs**

以上接口均包含PHP、Python、C#和Java等四种语言的代码示例,以 查询天气实况 API为例:

(1)基于PHP的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例

<?php
$method = "POST";
$url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
$headers = NULL;
$params = array(
    "city" => "", //城市名称,如“广州”
);

$result = apishop_curl($method, $url, $headers, $params);
If ($result) {
    $body = json_decode($result["body"], TRUE);
    $status_code = $body["statusCode"];
    If ($status_code == "000000") {
        //状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
        echo "请求成功:" . $result["body"];
    } else {
        //状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
        echo "请求失败:" . $result["body"];
    }
} else {
    //返回内容异常,发送请求失败,以下可根据业务逻辑自行修改
    echo "发送请求失败";
}

/**
 * 转发请求到目的主机
 * @param $method string 请求方法
 * @param $URL string 请求地址
 * @param null $headers 请求头
 * @param null $param 请求参数
 * @return array|bool
 */
function apishop_curl(&$method, &$URL, &$headers = NULL, &$param = NULL)
{
    // 初始化请求
    $require = curl_init($URL);
    // 判断是否HTTPS
    $isHttps = substr($URL, 0, 8) == "https://" ? TRUE : FALSE;
    // 设置请求方式
    switch ($method) {
        case "GET":
            curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
            break;
        case "POST":
            curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
            break;
        default:
            return FALSE;
    }
    if ($param) {
        curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $param);
    }
    if ($isHttps) {
        // 跳过证书检查
        curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
        // 检查证书中是否设置域名
        curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
    }
    if ($headers) {
        // 设置请求头
        curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    }
    // 返回结果不直接输出
    curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
    // 重定向
    curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE);
    // 把返回头包含再输出中
    curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_HEADER, TRUE);
    // 发送请求
    $response = curl_exec($require);
    // 获取头部长度
    $headerSize = curl_getinfo($require, CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE);
    // 关闭请求
    curl_close($require);
    if ($response) {
        // 返回头部字符串
        $header = substr($response, 0, $headerSize);
        // 返回体
        $body = substr($response, $headerSize);
        // 过滤隐藏非法字符
        $bodyTemp = json_encode(array(
            0 => $body
        ));
        $bodyTemp = str_replace("\ufeff", "", $bodyTemp);
        $bodyTemp = json_decode($bodyTemp, TRUE);
        $body = trim($bodyTemp[0]);
        // 将返回结果头部转成数组
        $respondHeaders = array();
        $header_rows = array_filter(explode(PHP_EOL, $header), "trim");
        foreach ($header_rows as $row) {
            $keylen = strpos($row, ":");
            if ($keylen) {
                $respondHeaders[] = array(
                    "key" => substr($row, 0, $keylen),
                    "value" => trim(substr($row, $keylen + 1))
                );
            }
        }
        return array(
            "headers" => $respondHeaders,
            "body" => $body
        );
    } else {
        return FALSE;
    }
}

(2)基于Python的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 测试环境: python2.7
# 安装requests依赖 => pip install requests/ easy_install requests

# 导入requests依赖
import requests
import json
import sys

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

def apishop_send_request(method, url, params=None, headers=None):
    '''
    转发请求到目的主机
    @param method str 请求方法
    @param url str 请求地址
    @param params dict 请求参数
    @param headers dict 请求头
    '''
    method = str.upper(method)
    if method == 'POST':
        return requests.post(url=url, data=params, headers=headers)
    elif method == 'GET':
        return requests.get(url=url, params=params, headers=headers)
    else:
        return None

method = "POST"
url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather"
headers = None
params = {
    "city":"", #城市名称,如“广州”
}
result = apishop_send_request(method=method, url=url, params=params, headers=headers)
if result:
    body = result.text
    response = json.loads(body)
    status_code = response["statusCode"]
    if (status_code == '000000'):
        # 状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
        print('请求成功:%s' % (body,))
    else:
        # 状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
        print('请求失败: %s' % (body,))
else:
    # 返回内容异常,发送请求失败
    print('发送请求失败')

(3)基于C#的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace apishop_sdk
{
class Program
{
    /**
     * 转发请求到目的主机
     * @param method string 请求方法
     * @param url string 请求地址
     * @param params Dictionary<string,string> 请求参数
     * @param headers Dictionary<string,string> 请求头
     * @return string
    **/
    static string apishop_send_request(string method, string url, Dictionary<string, string> param, Dictionary<string, string> headers)
    {
        string result = string.Empty;
        try
            {
                string paramData = "";
                if (param != null && param.Count > 0)
                {
                    StringBuilder sbuilder = new StringBuilder();
                    foreach (var item in param)
                    {
                        if (sbuilder.Length > 0)
                        {
                            sbuilder.Append("&");
                        }
                        sbuilder.Append(item.Key + "=" + item.Value);
                    }
                    paramData = sbuilder.ToString();
                }
                method = method.ToUpper();
                if (method == "GET")
                {
                    url = string.Format("{0}?{1}", url, paramData);
                }
                HttpWebRequest wbRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                if (method == "GET")
                {
                    wbRequest.Method = "GET";
                }
                else if (method == "POST")
                {
                    wbRequest.Method = "POST";
                    wbRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                    wbRequest.ContentLength = Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(paramData);
                    using (Stream requestStream = wbRequest.GetRequestStream())
                    {
                        using (StreamWriter swrite = new StreamWriter(requestStream))
                        {
                            swrite.Write(paramData);
                        }
                    }
                }

                HttpWebResponse wbResponse = (HttpWebResponse)wbRequest.GetResponse();
                using (Stream responseStream = wbResponse.GetResponseStream())
                {
                    using (StreamReader sread = new StreamReader(responseStream))
                    {
                        result = sread.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                return "";
            }
            return result;
        }
        class Response
        {
            public string statusCode;
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string method = "POST";
            string url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
            Dictionary<string, string> param = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            param.Add("city", ""); //城市名称,如“广州”

            Dictionary<string, string> headers = null;
            string result = apishop_send_request(method, url, param, headers);
            if (result == "")
            {
                //返回内容异常,发送请求失败
                Console.WriteLine("发送请求失败");
                return;
            }

            Response res = new JavaScriptSerializer().Deserialize<Response>(result);
            if (res.statusCode == "000000")
            {
                //状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("请求成功: {0}", result));
            }
            else
            {
                //状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("请求失败: {0}", result));
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

(4)基于Java的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例

package net.apishop.www.controller;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
* httpUrlConnection访问远程接口工具
*/
public class Api
{
    /**
    * 方法体说明:向远程接口发起请求,返回字节流类型结果
    * param url 接口地址
    * param requestMethod 请求方式
    * param params 传递参数     重点:参数值需要用Base64进行转码
    * return InputStream 返回结果
    */
    public static InputStream httpRequestToStream(String url, String requestMethod, Map<String, String> params){
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            String parameters = "";
            boolean hasParams = false;
            // 将参数集合拼接成特定格式,如name=zhangsan&age=24
            for (String key : params.keySet()){
                String value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
                parameters += key + "=" + value + "&";
                hasParams = true;
            }
            if (hasParams){
                parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length() - 1);
            }
            // 请求方式是否为get
            boolean isGet = "get".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
            // 请求方式是否为post
            boolean isPost = "post".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
            if (isGet){
                url += "?" + parameters;
            }
            URL u = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
            // 请求的参数类型(使用restlet框架时,为了兼容框架,必须设置Content-Type为“”空)
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
            //conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            // 设置连接超时时间
            conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);
            // 设置读取返回内容超时时间
            conn.setReadTimeout(50000);
            // 设置向HttpURLConnection对象中输出,因为post方式将请求参数放在http正文内,因此需要设置为ture,默认false
            if (isPost){
                conn.setDoOutput(true);
            }
            // 设置从HttpURLConnection对象读入,默认为true
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 设置是否使用缓存,post方式不能使用缓存
            if (isPost){
                conn.setUseCaches(false);
            }
            // 设置请求方式,默认为GET
            conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
            // post方式需要将传递的参数输出到conn对象中
            if (isPost){
                DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
                dos.writeBytes(parameters);
                dos.flush();
                dos.close();
            }
            // 从HttpURLConnection对象中读取响应的消息
            // 执行该语句时才正式发起请求
            is = conn.getInputStream();
        }catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch(MalformedURLException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return is;
    }

    public static void main(String args[]){
        String url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
        String requestMethod = "POST";
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        params.put("city", ""); //城市名称,如“广州”
        String result = null;
        try{
            InputStream is = httpRequestToStream(url, requestMethod, params);
            byte[] b = new byte[is.available()];
            is.read(b);
            result = new String(b);
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (result != null){
            JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
            String status_code = jsonObject.getString("statusCode");
            if (status_code == "000000"){
                // 状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
                System.out.println("请求成功:" + jsonObject.getString("result"));
            }else{
                // 状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
                System.out.println("请求失败:" + jsonObject.getString("desc"));
            }
        }else{
            // 返回内容异常,发送请求失败,以下可根据业务逻辑自行修改
            System.out.println("发送请求失败");
        }
    }
}