首先是获取特定进程对象，可以使用Process.GetProcesses()方法来获取系统中运行的所有进程，或者使用Process.GetCurrentProcess()方法来获取当前程序所对应的进程对象。当有了进程对象后，可以通过进程对象名称来创建PerformanceCounter类型对象，通过设定PerformanceCounter构造函数的参数实现获取特定进程的CPU和内存使用情况。
具体实例代码如下：
首先是获取本机中所有进程对象，分别输出某一时刻各个进程的内存使用情况：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading; namespace CSharpPerformance
{//该程序可以实时监控所有进程或者指定进程的工作集、私有工作集
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//新建一个Stopwatch变量用来统计程序运行时间
Stopwatch watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
//获取本机运行的所有进程ID和进程名,并输出哥进程所使用的工作集和私有工作集
foreach (Process ps in Process.GetProcesses())
{
PerformanceCounter pf1 = new PerformanceCounter("Process", "Working Set - Private", ps.ProcessName);
PerformanceCounter pf2 = new PerformanceCounter("Process", "Working Set", ps.ProcessName);
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB", ps.ProcessName, "工作集(进程类)", ps.WorkingSet64 / );
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB", ps.ProcessName, "工作集 ", pf2.NextValue() / );
//私有工作集
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB", ps.ProcessName, "私有工作集 ", pf1.NextValue() / ); } watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(watch.Elapsed);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
其中，工作集ps.WorkingSet64是静态的，pf2.NextValue()是动态变化的，工作集包含进程运行时其独占的内存和与其他进程共享的内存的和，而私有工作集是只包含进程独占的内存。
下面一组代码可以动态显示本程序所对应的进程的CPU和内存使用率的变化：
首先是SystemInfo.cs类：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace CSharpPerformance
{
public class SystemInfo
{
private int m_ProcessorCount = ; //CPU个数
private PerformanceCounter pcCpuLoad; //CPU计数器
private long m_PhysicalMemory = ; //物理内存 private const int GW_HWNDFIRST = ;
private const int GW_HWNDNEXT = ;
private const int GWL_STYLE = (-);
private const int WS_VISIBLE = ;
private const int WS_BORDER = ; #region AIP声明
[DllImport("IpHlpApi.dll")]
extern static public uint GetIfTable(byte[] pIfTable, ref uint pdwSize, bool bOrder); [DllImport("User32")]
private extern static int GetWindow(int hWnd, int wCmd); [DllImport("User32")]
private extern static int GetWindowLongA(int hWnd, int wIndx); [DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetWindowText(int hWnd, StringBuilder title, int maxBufSize); [DllImport("user32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private extern static int GetWindowTextLength(IntPtr hWnd);
#endregion #region 构造函数
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数，初始化计数器等
/// </summary>
public SystemInfo()
{
//初始化CPU计数器
pcCpuLoad = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total");
pcCpuLoad.MachineName = ".";
pcCpuLoad.NextValue(); //CPU个数
m_ProcessorCount = Environment.ProcessorCount; //获得物理内存
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc)
{
if (mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"] != null)
{
m_PhysicalMemory = long.Parse(mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"].ToString());
}
}
}
#endregion #region CPU个数
/// <summary>
/// 获取CPU个数
/// </summary>
public int ProcessorCount
{
get
{
return m_ProcessorCount;
}
}
#endregion #region CPU占用率
/// <summary>
/// 获取CPU占用率
/// </summary>
public float CpuLoad
{
get
{
return pcCpuLoad.NextValue();
}
}
#endregion #region 可用内存
/// <summary>
/// 获取可用内存
/// </summary>
public long MemoryAvailable
{
get
{
long availablebytes = ;
//ManagementObjectSearcher mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory");
//foreach (ManagementObject mo in mos.Get())
//{
// availablebytes = long.Parse(mo["Availablebytes"].ToString());
//}
ManagementClass mos = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");
foreach (ManagementObject mo in mos.GetInstances())
{
if (mo["FreePhysicalMemory"] != null)
{
availablebytes = * long.Parse(mo["FreePhysicalMemory"].ToString());
}
}
return availablebytes;
}
}
#endregion #region 物理内存
/// <summary>
/// 获取物理内存
/// </summary>
public long PhysicalMemory
{
get
{
return m_PhysicalMemory;
}
}
#endregion #region 结束指定进程
/// <summary>
/// 结束指定进程
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pid">进程的 Process ID</param>
public static void EndProcess(int pid)
{
try
{
Process process = Process.GetProcessById(pid);
process.Kill();
}
catch { }
}
#endregion #region 查找所有应用程序标题
/// <summary>
/// 查找所有应用程序标题
/// </summary>
/// <returns>应用程序标题范型</returns>
public static List<string> FindAllApps(int Handle)
{
List<string> Apps = new List<string>(); int hwCurr;
hwCurr = GetWindow(Handle, GW_HWNDFIRST); while (hwCurr > )
{
int IsTask = (WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER);
int lngStyle = GetWindowLongA(hwCurr, GWL_STYLE);
bool TaskWindow = ((lngStyle & IsTask) == IsTask);
if (TaskWindow)
{
int length = GetWindowTextLength(new IntPtr(hwCurr));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder( * length + );
GetWindowText(hwCurr, sb, sb.Capacity);
string strTitle = sb.ToString();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strTitle))
{
Apps.Add(strTitle);
}
}
hwCurr = GetWindow(hwCurr, GW_HWNDNEXT);
} return Apps;
}
#endregion
}
}
然后是执行代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading; namespace CSharpPerformance
{//该程序可以实时监控程序本身对应进程的工作集、私有工作集和CPU使用率
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//获取当前进程对象
Process cur = Process.GetCurrentProcess(); PerformanceCounter curpcp = new PerformanceCounter("Process", "Working Set - Private", cur.ProcessName);
PerformanceCounter curpc = new PerformanceCounter("Process", "Working Set", cur.ProcessName);
PerformanceCounter curtime = new PerformanceCounter("Process", "% Processor Time", cur.ProcessName); //上次记录CPU的时间
TimeSpan prevCpuTime = TimeSpan.Zero;
//Sleep的时间间隔
int interval = ; PerformanceCounter totalcpu = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total"); SystemInfo sys = new SystemInfo();
const int KB_DIV = ;
const int MB_DIV = * ;
const int GB_DIV = * * ;
while (true)
{
//第一种方法计算CPU使用率
//当前时间
TimeSpan curCpuTime = cur.TotalProcessorTime;
//计算
double value = (curCpuTime - prevCpuTime).TotalMilliseconds / interval / Environment.ProcessorCount * 100;
39 prevCpuTime = curCpuTime;
40
41 Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB CPU使用率：{3}", cur.ProcessName, "工作集(进程类)", cur.WorkingSet64 / 1024,value);//这个工作集只是在一开始初始化，后期不变
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB CPU使用率：{3}", cur.ProcessName, "工作集 ", curpc.NextValue() / 1024,value);//这个工作集是动态更新的
//第二种计算CPU使用率的方法
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} {2:N}KB CPU使用率：{3}%", cur.ProcessName, "私有工作集 ", curpcp.NextValue() / 1024,curtime.NextValue()/Environment.ProcessorCount);
//Thread.Sleep(interval); //第一种方法获取系统CPU使用情况
Console.Write("\r系统CPU使用率：{0}%", totalcpu.NextValue());
//Thread.Sleep(interval); //第二章方法获取系统CPU和内存使用情况
Console.Write("\r系统CPU使用率：{0}%，系统内存使用大小：{1}MB({2}GB)", sys.CpuLoad, (sys.PhysicalMemory - sys.MemoryAvailable) / MB_DIV, (sys.PhysicalMemory - sys.MemoryAvailable) / (double)GB_DIV);
Thread.Sleep(interval);
} Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
以上程序可以正常运行，没隔1S刷新一次，实现动态显示本程序对应进程的CPU和内存使用情况。