Alan Kay was quoted several years ago to the effect that there had been only three new things in software in the preceding 20 years (effectively the lifespan of PCs). One of them was Spreadsheets.
几年前引用Alan Kay的话说,在过去的20年中,软件中只有三件新东西(实际上是PC的生命周期)。其中一个是电子表格。
Does anyone remember the other two?
有人还记得其他两个吗?
Who is Alan Kay? (a few may ask.) His work at Xerox Parc arguably did more to shape our current software paradigm than any other influence.
Alan Kay是谁? (有些人可能会问。)他在Xerox Parc的工作可以说比我们任何其他影响更能塑造我们当前的软件范式。
7 个解决方案
#1
351
I will try to remember what I said, but none of the answers so far are correct (every one of them was done in the 60s and 70s before the commercialization of PCs in the 80s).
我会尽量记住我所说的,但到目前为止,没有一个答案是正确的(它们中的每一个都是在80年代PC商业化之前的60和70年代完成的)。
However, we could start all over and try to think of new inventions in computing since the 1980s.
然而,自20世纪80年代以来,我们可以从头开始尝试思考计算领域的新发明。
#2
20
When ever I think about xerox parc I always remember this quote from triumph of the nerds by steve jobs:
当我想到施乐公司的时候,我总是记得史蒂夫工作的书呆子的胜利:
They showed me, really, three things, but I was so blinded by the first one that I didn’t really ”see” the other two. One of the things they showed me was object-oriented programming. They showed me that, but I didn’t even “see” that. The other one they showed me was really a networked computer system. They had over 100 Alto computers all networked, using e-mail, etc., etc. I didn’t even “see” that. I was so blinded by the first thing they showed me, which was the graphical user interface. I thought it was the best thing I had ever seen in my life. Now, remember it was very flawed. What we saw was incomplete. They had done a bunch of things wrong, but we didn’t know that at the time. Still, though, the germ of the idea was there, and they had done it very well. And within ten minutes it was obvious to me that all computers would work like this, someday.
他们向我展示了,实际上,有三件事情,但我被第一件事蒙蔽了眼睛,我并没有真正“看到”其他两件事。他们向我展示的一件事是面向对象的编程。他们向我展示了这一点,但我甚至没有“看到”那个。他们向我展示的另一个实际上是一个联网的计算机系统。他们有超过100台Alto计算机全部联网,使用电子邮件等等。我甚至没有“看到”那个。他们向我展示的第一件事就是我的盲目,这就是图形用户界面。我认为这是我一生中见过的最好的事情。现在,记住它是非常有缺陷的。我们看到的是不完整的。他们做了很多错事,但我们当时并不知道。尽管如此,这个想法的细节仍然存在,而且他们做得非常好。在十分钟之内,对我来说很明显,有一天,所有计算机都会像这样工作。
#3
12
No mention of spreadsheets, but how about this quote, from an interview with a 1991 issue of Byte Magazine:
没有提到电子表格,但是这个引用怎么样,来自对1991年Byte杂志的采访:
"In 1968 I saw two or three things that changed my whole notion of computing. …Doug Englebart’s view [was] that the mainframe was like a railroad, owned by an institution that decided what you could do and when you could do it. Englebart was trying to be like Henry Ford. A personal computer as it was thought of in the sixties was like an automobile. In 1968 I saw Symour Papert’s first work with kids and LOGO, and I saw the first really great handwriting-character-recognition system at Rand… And that had a huge influence on me because it had an intimate feel. When I combined that with the idea that kids had to use it, the concept of a computer became something much more like a supermedium. Something more like superpaper."
“在1968年,我看到了两三件改变了我整个计算概念的事情...... ... Doug Englebart认为大型机就像一条铁路,由一家机构拥有,决定你能做什么以及何时可以做到.Englebart我试图像亨利·福特一样。六十年代人们想到的个人计算机就像一辆汽车。1968年,我看到了Symour Papert与孩子和LOGO的第一部作品,我看到了第一个非常出色的手写字符识别系统兰德......这对我产生了巨大的影响,因为它有一种亲密的感觉。当我把它与孩子们不得不使用它的想法结合起来时,计算机的概念变得更像是一种超级介质。更像是超级纸。 “
#4
9
Perhaps this link leading to the paper
也许这个链接导致了论文
The Most Important Software Innovations written by David A. Wheeler
David A. Wheeler撰写的最重要的软件创新
helps you remembering the two missing things.
帮助你记住两件丢失的东西。
P.S.: I personally would choose (1980 and later):
P.S。:我个人会选择(1980年及以后):
- 1982: computer virus
- 2004: MapReduce (In 2004, Google's Jeffrey Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat revealed MapReduce)
1982年:计算机病毒
2004年:MapReduce(2004年,Google的Jeffrey Dean和Sanjay Ghemawat透露了MapReduce)
#5
4
I am pretty sure C++ wasn't one of the two things.
我很确定C ++不是两件事之一。
See https://*.com/questions/58640/great-programming-quotes#58810
#6
2
Alan Kay invented Smalltalk. In so doing, he can be said to have invented object oriented programming, although there are important precursors to Smalltalk in that regard.
Alan Kay发明了Smalltalk。通过这样做,可以说他发明了面向对象的编程,尽管Smalltalk在这方面有重要的先例。
Simula, a language form the 1960s for writing simulations was one. another was Planner, a language invented by Carl Hewitt of MIT. Alan Kay specifically gives credit to Hewitt for influencing him while he was at Xerox PARC.
Simula是20世纪60年代用于编写模拟的语言之一。另一个是Planner,麻省理工学院的Carl Hewitt发明的一种语言。 Alan Kay特别赞扬Hewitt在施乐PARC期间影响了他。
#7
-4
Mice and GUI's
小鼠和GUI
#1
351
I will try to remember what I said, but none of the answers so far are correct (every one of them was done in the 60s and 70s before the commercialization of PCs in the 80s).
我会尽量记住我所说的,但到目前为止,没有一个答案是正确的(它们中的每一个都是在80年代PC商业化之前的60和70年代完成的)。
However, we could start all over and try to think of new inventions in computing since the 1980s.
然而,自20世纪80年代以来,我们可以从头开始尝试思考计算领域的新发明。
#2
20
When ever I think about xerox parc I always remember this quote from triumph of the nerds by steve jobs:
当我想到施乐公司的时候,我总是记得史蒂夫工作的书呆子的胜利:
They showed me, really, three things, but I was so blinded by the first one that I didn’t really ”see” the other two. One of the things they showed me was object-oriented programming. They showed me that, but I didn’t even “see” that. The other one they showed me was really a networked computer system. They had over 100 Alto computers all networked, using e-mail, etc., etc. I didn’t even “see” that. I was so blinded by the first thing they showed me, which was the graphical user interface. I thought it was the best thing I had ever seen in my life. Now, remember it was very flawed. What we saw was incomplete. They had done a bunch of things wrong, but we didn’t know that at the time. Still, though, the germ of the idea was there, and they had done it very well. And within ten minutes it was obvious to me that all computers would work like this, someday.
他们向我展示了,实际上,有三件事情,但我被第一件事蒙蔽了眼睛,我并没有真正“看到”其他两件事。他们向我展示的一件事是面向对象的编程。他们向我展示了这一点,但我甚至没有“看到”那个。他们向我展示的另一个实际上是一个联网的计算机系统。他们有超过100台Alto计算机全部联网,使用电子邮件等等。我甚至没有“看到”那个。他们向我展示的第一件事就是我的盲目,这就是图形用户界面。我认为这是我一生中见过的最好的事情。现在,记住它是非常有缺陷的。我们看到的是不完整的。他们做了很多错事,但我们当时并不知道。尽管如此,这个想法的细节仍然存在,而且他们做得非常好。在十分钟之内,对我来说很明显,有一天,所有计算机都会像这样工作。
#3
12
No mention of spreadsheets, but how about this quote, from an interview with a 1991 issue of Byte Magazine:
没有提到电子表格,但是这个引用怎么样,来自对1991年Byte杂志的采访:
"In 1968 I saw two or three things that changed my whole notion of computing. …Doug Englebart’s view [was] that the mainframe was like a railroad, owned by an institution that decided what you could do and when you could do it. Englebart was trying to be like Henry Ford. A personal computer as it was thought of in the sixties was like an automobile. In 1968 I saw Symour Papert’s first work with kids and LOGO, and I saw the first really great handwriting-character-recognition system at Rand… And that had a huge influence on me because it had an intimate feel. When I combined that with the idea that kids had to use it, the concept of a computer became something much more like a supermedium. Something more like superpaper."
“在1968年,我看到了两三件改变了我整个计算概念的事情...... ... Doug Englebart认为大型机就像一条铁路,由一家机构拥有,决定你能做什么以及何时可以做到.Englebart我试图像亨利·福特一样。六十年代人们想到的个人计算机就像一辆汽车。1968年,我看到了Symour Papert与孩子和LOGO的第一部作品,我看到了第一个非常出色的手写字符识别系统兰德......这对我产生了巨大的影响,因为它有一种亲密的感觉。当我把它与孩子们不得不使用它的想法结合起来时,计算机的概念变得更像是一种超级介质。更像是超级纸。 “
#4
9
Perhaps this link leading to the paper
也许这个链接导致了论文
The Most Important Software Innovations written by David A. Wheeler
David A. Wheeler撰写的最重要的软件创新
helps you remembering the two missing things.
帮助你记住两件丢失的东西。
P.S.: I personally would choose (1980 and later):
P.S。:我个人会选择(1980年及以后):
- 1982: computer virus
- 2004: MapReduce (In 2004, Google's Jeffrey Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat revealed MapReduce)
1982年:计算机病毒
2004年:MapReduce(2004年,Google的Jeffrey Dean和Sanjay Ghemawat透露了MapReduce)
#5
4
I am pretty sure C++ wasn't one of the two things.
我很确定C ++不是两件事之一。
See https://*.com/questions/58640/great-programming-quotes#58810
#6
2
Alan Kay invented Smalltalk. In so doing, he can be said to have invented object oriented programming, although there are important precursors to Smalltalk in that regard.
Alan Kay发明了Smalltalk。通过这样做,可以说他发明了面向对象的编程,尽管Smalltalk在这方面有重要的先例。
Simula, a language form the 1960s for writing simulations was one. another was Planner, a language invented by Carl Hewitt of MIT. Alan Kay specifically gives credit to Hewitt for influencing him while he was at Xerox PARC.
Simula是20世纪60年代用于编写模拟的语言之一。另一个是Planner,麻省理工学院的Carl Hewitt发明的一种语言。 Alan Kay特别赞扬Hewitt在施乐PARC期间影响了他。
#7
-4
Mice and GUI's
小鼠和GUI