要用Java发送邮件,除过JDK本身的jar包之外,还需要两个额外的jar包:JavaMail和JAF。当然,如果你使用的JavaEE的JDK,那就不用单独去网上下载了,因为JavaEE的JDK中已经自带了这两个jar包。如果你使用的是JavaSE的JDK,那么你需要去Oracle的网站上下载这两个jar包。JavaMail 1.4.5 jar包下载地址是:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html,JAF 1.1.1 jar包下载地址是:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index-135046.html。将这两个Zip包下载下来之后解压,将里边的几个jar包(mail.jar、dsn.jar、imap.jar、mailapi.jar、pop3.jar、smtp.jar和activation.jar)全部加到工程里边。下边就可以开始写程序了。加上测试程序,一共有4个类。
第一个类:MailSenderInfo.java,记录发送邮件所需的各种信息,如发送邮件服务器的地址、端口号、发件人邮箱、收件人邮箱等等。代码如下:
package com.test.mail;
import java.util.Properties; public class MailSenderInfo {
// 发送邮件的服务器的IP(或主机地址)
private String mailServerHost;
// 发送邮件的服务器的端口
private String mailServerPort = "25";
// 发件人邮箱地址
private String fromAddress;
// 收件人邮箱地址
private String toAddress;
// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名
private String userName;
// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码
private String password;
// 是否需要身份验证
private boolean validate = false;
// 邮件主题
private String subject;
// 邮件的文本内容
private String content;
// 邮件附件的文件名
private String[] attachFileNames; public Properties getProperties() {
Properties p = new Properties();
p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
return p;
}
public String getMailServerHost() {
return mailServerHost;
}
public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
}
public String getMailServerPort() {
return mailServerPort;
}
public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
}
public boolean isValidate() {
return validate;
}
public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
this.validate = validate;
}
public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
return attachFileNames;
}
public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
}
public String getFromAddress() {
return fromAddress;
}
public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress;
}
public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
this.toAddress = toAddress;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String textContent) {
this.content = textContent;
}
}
第二个类:MyAuthenticator.java,邮箱用户名和密码认证器。代码如下:
package com.test.mail;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication; public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
String userName = null;
String password = null;
public MyAuthenticator() {
}
public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
this.userName = username;
this.password = password;
}
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
}
第三个类:SimpleMailSender.java,用来发送邮件类。代码如下:
package com.test.mail;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; public class SimpleMailSender { public boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
// 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容
String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
} public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
// 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类,包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
// 设置HTML内容
html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
}
第三个类:SimpleMailSender.java,用来发送邮件类。代码如下:
package com.test.mail;
public class SendMailDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 设置邮件服务器信息
MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();
mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.163.com");
mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25");
mailInfo.setValidate(true); // 邮箱用户名
mailInfo.setUserName("zhangsan@163.com");
// 邮箱密码
mailInfo.setPassword("zhangsanpass");
// 发件人邮箱
mailInfo.setFromAddress("zhangsan@163.com");
// 收件人邮箱
mailInfo.setToAddress("lisi@sina.com");
// 邮件标题
mailInfo.setSubject("测试Java程序发送邮件");
// 邮件内容
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("JavaMail 1.4.5 jar包下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html\n");
buffer.append("JAF 1.1.1 jar包下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index-135046.html");
mailInfo.setContent(buffer.toString()); // 发送邮件
SimpleMailSender sms = new SimpleMailSender();
// 发送文体格式
sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
// 发送html格式
SimpleMailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);
System.out.println("邮件发送完毕");
}
}
至此,Java邮件发送程序已经写完,当然了,这只是实现了最基本的功能。经过测试,可以将邮件发送出去。