标签：linux Linux主机安全配置的几个脚本 职场 休闲
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vim /etc/login.defs
PASS_MAX_DAYS 90 //口令最大有效天数
PASS_MIN_DAYS 10 //口令最小有效天数
PASS_MIN_LEN 8 //口令最少字符数
PASS_WARN_AGE 5 //口令过期提前警告天数
echo 'ONLY Authorized users only! All accesses logged' > /etc/motd
rm -f /etc/issue
rm -f /etc/issue.net
touch /etc/issue
touch /etc/issue.net
find / -name *.rhosts
touch /.rhosts && chmod 0 /.rhosts
防止IP SPOOF
echo "nospoof on" >>/etc/host.conf
chkconfig bluetooth off
chkconfig firstboot off
chkconfig cups off
chkconfig ip6tables off
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig isdn off
chkconfig kudzu off
chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig smartd off
chkconfig autofs off
service vncserver off
service bluetooth stop
service firstboot stop
service cups stop
service ip6tables stop
service iptables stop
service isdn stop
service kudzu stop
service sendmail stop
service smartd stop
service autofs stop
service vncserver stop
锁定不需要的用户
usermod -L adm
usermod -L lp
usermod -L sync
usermod -L shutdown
usermod -L halt
usermod -L news
usermod -L uucp
usermod -L operator
usermod -L ftp
usermod -L rpc
usermod -L rpcuser
usermod -L gopher
usermod -L nscd
删除不需要的组
groupdel lp
groupdel news
groupdel games
groupdel gopher
groupdel uucp
本次必须要保留的用户是：
root、bin、nobody、ntp、ssh、uucp
必须保留的组包括：
root、nobody、ntp、uucp
useradd jboss
passwd jboss
usermod -g jboss -G wheel jboss
vim /etc/pam.d/su
auth required pam_wheel.so use.uid 把这一行的注释去掉，只有wheel组的用户才能su到root
chown -R jboss.jboss /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA
#!/bin/bash
cd /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy/
rm -rf bsh-deployer.xml
rm -rf client-deployer-service.xml
rm -rf ear-deployer.xml
rm -rf ejb-deployer.xml
rm -rf http-invoker.sar
rm -rf jboss-bean.deployer
rm -rf jms
rm -rf jsr88-service.xml
rm -rf schedule-manager-service.xml
rm -rf scheduler-service.xml
rm -rf sqlexception-service.xml
rm -rf uuid-key-generator.sar
rm -rf jmx-console.war
rm -rf management
cd /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy/jboss-web.deployer/ROOT.war
rm -rf *
exit
隐藏jboss版本信息
vim /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy/jboss-web.deployer/server.xml
<Connector port="8080" address="${jboss.bind.address}"
maxThreads="250" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
emptySessionPath="true" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"
connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true"
server="ESB" />
在这一段最后加上一个server="ESB"/>
vim /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy/jboss-web.deployer/conf/web.xml
<init-param>
<param-name>X-Powered-By</param-name>
<param-value>ESB2.0</param-value>
</init-param>
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
把PermitRootLogin yes前面的"#"去掉，把"yes"改为"no"
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
把这个前面的"#"去掉，就是超过3分钟闲置，就自动断开session
service sshd restart
sed -i -e 's/^LANG=.*/LANG="en_US.UTF-8"/' /etc/sysconfig/i18n
source /etc/sysconfig/i18n
vim /etc/hosts.allow
sshd:192.168.0.199,192.168.0.201,192.168.0.121
vim /etc/hosts.deny
sshd:all
service xinetd restart
截短~/.bash_history文件
vim /etc/profile
HISTSIZE=1000改成20
vim /etc/skel/.bash_logout
在/etc/skel/.bash_logout在文件中添加这行
rm -rf $HOME/.bash_history
这样当用户注销时，.bash_history被删除
DenyHosts是用Python2.3写的一个程序，它会分析/var/log/secure（redhat，Fedora Core）等日志文件，当发现同一IP在进行多次SSH密
码尝试时就会记录IP到/etc/hosts.deny文件，从而达到自动屏蔽该IP的目的。
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/denyhosts/denyhosts/2.6/DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fdenyhosts%2Ffiles%2F&ts=1281580068&mirror=ncu
tar -zxvf DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz
cd DenyHosts-2.6
python setup.py install
cd /usr/share/denyhosts/
grep -v "^#" denyhosts.cfg-dist > denyhosts.cfg
cp daemon-control-dist daemon-control
vim denyhosts.cfg
PURGE_DENY = 5m //5分钟清除
DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 1 //允许无效用户失败的次数
DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 5 //允许普通用户登陆失败的次数
DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 5 //允许root登陆失败的次数
chown root daemon-control
chmod 700 daemon-control
vim /etc/rc.local
/usr/share/denyhosts/daemon-control start
vim /etc/audit/audit.rules 最后增加一行，对该目录审计
-w /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA/server/default/deploy -pwa
service auditd restart
查看审计规则 auditctl -l
查看audit运行状态 auditctl -s
审计工具
wget http://www.rootkit.nl/files/lynis-1.2.9.tar.gz
给关键文件加root权限
chmod 744 /etc/passwd
chmod 740 /etc/shadow
chmod 744 /etc/rc3.d
chmod 744 /etc/profile
chmod 1777 /tmp
chmod 644 /etc/exports
chmod -R 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/*
Control-Alt-Delete 键盘关机命令
vim /etc/inittab
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
这一行前面加#,改成
#ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
给文件加锁(暂时不实施)
chattr +i /etc/passwd
chattr +i /etc/shadow
chattr +i /etc/group
chattr +i /etc/services
chmod 600 /etc/xinetd.conf
当chattr +i时就是禁止对文件进行修改,当我们要添加用户时,就会有麻烦,因为passwd文件禁止修改写入.
所以我们还要该掉它的属性.chattr -i.
脚本如下：
init_sysctl.sh
#!/bin/bash
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo "####add by hx10###">> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65536" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_max=16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_max=16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=4096 87380 16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=4096 65536 16777216" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 15" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.somaxconn = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 8000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8000" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
###change max open files
ulimit -SHn 102400
echo "ulimit -SHn 102400" >>/etc/rc.local
ulimit -a
exit
init_system.sh
#!/bin/bash
#change password policy
cp /etc/login.defs /etc/login.defs.bak
sed -i 's/^PASS_MAX_DAYS\s*99999/PASS_MAX_DAYS 90/' /etc/login.defs
sed -i 's/^PASS_MIN_DAYS\s*0/PASS_MIN_DAYS 10/' /etc/login.defs
sed -i 's/^PASS_MIN_LEN\s*5/PASS_MIN_LEN 8/' /etc/login.defs
sed -i 's/^PASS_WARN_AGE\s*7/PASS_WARN_AGE 5/' /etc/login.defs
#stop Linux detection
echo 'ONLY Authorized users only! All accesses logged' > /etc/motd
cp /etc/issue /etc/issue.bak
cp /etc/issue.net /etc/issue.net.bak
rm -f /etc/issue
rm -f /etc/issue.net
touch /etc/issue
touch /etc/issue.net
#stop rhosts
#find / -name *.rhosts
touch /.rhosts && chmod 0 /.rhosts
#stop ip spoof
cp /etc/host.conf /etc/host.conf.bak
echo "nospoof on" >>/etc/host.conf
#stop service
chkconfig bluetooth off
chkconfig firstboot off
chkconfig cups off
chkconfig ip6tables off
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig isdn off
chkconfig kudzu off
chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig smartd off
chkconfig autofs off
chkconfig ntpd off
chkconfig snmpd on
chkconfig portmap on
chkconfig nfs on
#service vncserver off
/etc/init.d/vncserver stop
service bluetooth stop
service firstboot stop
service cups stop
service ip6tables stop
service iptables stop
service isdn stop
service kudzu stop
service sendmail stop
service smartd stop
service autofs stop
service vncserver stop
service ntpd stop
service snmpd restart
service portmap restart
service nfs restart
#lock user unnecessary
usermod -L adm
usermod -L lp
usermod -L sync
usermod -L shutdown
usermod -L halt
usermod -L news
usermod -L uucp
usermod -L operator
usermod -L ftp
usermod -L rpc
usermod -L rpcuser
usermod -L gopher
usermod -L nscd
#add jboss user
useradd jboss && echo "23adjfajskdfja" | passwd --stdin jboss
usermod -g jboss -G wheel jboss
#chown -R jboss.jboss /usr/local/jboss-4.2.3.GA
#change system character
cp /etc/sysconfig/i18n /etc/sysconfig/i18n.bak
cat /dev/null> /etc/sysconfig/i18n
echo 'LANG="en_US.UTF-8"' >/etc/sysconfig/i18n
#echo 'LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"' >/etc/sysconfig/i18n
#sed -i -e 's/^LANG=.*/LANG="en_US.UTF-8"/' /etc/sysconfig/i18n
source /etc/sysconfig/i18n
#add ssh user
cp /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.allow.bak
cp /etc/hosts.deny /etc/hosts.deny.bak
echo "sshd:192.168.0.199,192.168.0.201,192.168.0.121" >>/etc/hosts.allow
echo "sshd:all" >>/etc/hosts.deny
#Limit ROOT from Remote server
cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak
echo "PermitRootLogin no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
echo "ClientAliveCountMax 2" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#clean history
cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout /etc/skel/.bash_logout.bak
cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak
sed -i 's/^HISTSIZE=1000/HISTSIZE=20/' /etc/profile
echo "rm -rf \$HOME/.bash_history " >>/etc/skel/.bash_logout
#install DenyHosts
cd /usr/local/src
wget ftp://192.168.0.21/pub/DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz
cd DenyHosts-2.6
python setup.py install
cd /usr/share/denyhosts/
grep -v "^#" denyhosts.cfg-dist > denyhosts.cfg
cp daemon-control-dist daemon-control
cp denyhosts.cfg denyhosts.cfg.bak
sed -i 's/^PURGE_DENY =/PURGE_DENY = 5m/' /usr/share/denyhosts/denyhosts.cfg
sed -i 's/^DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 5/DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 1/' /usr/share/denyhosts/denyhosts.cfg
sed -i 's/^DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 10/DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 5/' /usr/share/denyhosts/denyhosts.cfg
sed -i 's/^DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 1/DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 5/' /usr/share/denyhosts/denyhosts.cfg
chown root daemon-control
chmod 700 daemon-control
cp /etc/rc.local /etc/rc.local.bak
echo "/usr/share/denyhosts/daemon-control start" >>/etc/rc.local
/usr/share/denyhosts/daemon-control start
#limit alt-ctl-delete
cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.bak
sed -i 's/^ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now/\#ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now/g' /etc/inittab
#limit key file
chmod 744 /etc/passwd
chmod 740 /etc/shadow
chmod 744 /etc/rc3.d
chmod 744 /etc/profile
chmod 1777 /tmp
chmod 644 /etc/exports
chmod -R 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/*
chattr +i /etc/passwd
chattr +i /etc/shadow
chattr +i /etc/group
chattr +i /etc/services
chmod 600 /etc/xinetd.conf
#remove
#chattr -i /etc/passwd
#chattr -i /etc/shadow
service sshd restart
service xinetd restart
ps -ef |grep vnc |grep '/usr/share/vnc/classes' |awk '{print $2}' |xargs kill -9
echo "congratulations!"
sleep 2
exit