基于restful接口的身份认证,可以采用jwt的方式实现,想了解jwt,可以查询相关资料,这里不做介绍~
下面直接看如何实现
1、首先添加jwt的jar包,pom.xml中添加依赖包:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
2、添加工具类JwtUtil.java:
package com.demo.news.common; import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm; import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; public class JwtUtil {
static final String SECRET = "ThisIsASecret"; public static String generateToken(String username) {
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
//you can put any data in the map
map.put("username", username);
String jwt = Jwts.builder()
.setClaims(map)
.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600_000_000L))// 1000 hour
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
.compact();
return "Bearer "+jwt; //jwt前面一般都会加Bearer
} public static void validateToken(String token) {
try {
// parse the token.
Map<String, Object> body = Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(SECRET)
.parseClaimsJws(token.replace("Bearer ",""))
.getBody();
}catch (Exception e){
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid Token. "+e.getMessage());
}
}
}
这个工具类有两个方法,一个生成token,一个验证token
添加过滤器JwtAuthenticationFilter.java
package com.demo.news.common; import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.util.PathMatcher;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter; import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException; public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private static final PathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher(); @Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
if(isProtectedUrl(request)) {
String token = request.getParameter("token");
//检查jwt令牌, 如果令牌不合法或者过期, 里面会直接抛出异常, 下面的catch部分会直接返回
JwtUtil.validateToken(token);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e.getMessage());
return;
}
//如果jwt令牌通过了检测, 那么就把request传递给后面的RESTful api
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} //我们只对地址 /api 开头的api检查jwt. 不然的话登录/login也需要jwt
private boolean isProtectedUrl(HttpServletRequest request) {
return pathMatcher.match("/api/**", request.getServletPath());
} }
这个过滤器会过滤所有以api打头的路径
注册过滤器MyJwtFilter.java
package com.demo.news.common; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration
public class MyJwtFilter { @Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean jwtFilter() {
final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
JwtAuthenticationFilter filter = new JwtAuthenticationFilter();
registrationBean.setFilter(filter);
return registrationBean;
} }
3、开始使用
通过之前的代码,所有路径以api开头的请求如果不添加token参数都会报没有权限的错误,说明过滤器已经生效了
下面我们根据用户名和密码来验证用户身份,如果用户身份通过验证,那个生成token,拿到这个token,路径以api打头的请求添加上这个token参数
验证用户身份的代码:
if(用户验证成功) {
String token = JwtUtil.generateToken(user.getUsername());
}
拿到这个token,在路径以api打头的请求上添加上这个token,比如:
http://localhost:8083/news/api/list?token=Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE1NTM2MjQxMzgsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.FQsNIr_b9105CoV-jx8k9lgtyJ6cM_z48g1fQeSUBowkOGBk-OXGdgtVa1215lD75U3N3tF3yZs10MtJ7kZstA