一.实现分页之前可以做的:优化SQL
本来的查询语句为下面的,可以进行多种优化
- SELECT o.*, r.name
- FROM PLACED_ORDER o, RESTAURANT r
- WHERE o.RESTAURANT_ID = r.RESTAURANT_ID
- AND o.DELIVERY_TIME > (SYSDATE - 30)
- ORDER BY o.ORDER_EXT_ID DESC
1.使用优化hints
- SELECT /*+ FIRST_ROWS(20) */ o.*, r.name
- FROM PLACED_ORDER o, RESTAURANT r
- WHERE o.RESTAURANT_ID = r.RESTAURANT_ID
- AND o.DELIVERY_TIME > (SYSDATE - 30)
- ORDER BY o.ORDER_EXT_ID DESC
2. Denormalizing the schema
可以用数据的冗余来避免join表,比如把restaurant’s name放到PLACED_ORDER表中
- SELECT o.order_id, o.restaurant_name, …
- FROM PLACED_ORDER o
- WHERE o.DELIVERY_TIME > (SYSDATE - 30)
- ORDER BY o.ORDER_EXT_ID DESC
3.使用rownum
- SELECT *
- FROM
- (SELECT ROWNUM AS RN, XX.*
- FROM
- (SELECT O.ORDER_ID, R.NAME, …
- FROM PLACED_ORDER O, RESTAURANT R
- WHERE O.RESTAURANT_ID = R.RESTAURANT_ID
- ORDER BY O.ORDER_EXT_ID
- ) XX
- WHERE ROWNUM < 21)
- WHERE RN > 10
二.使用ibatis实现动态分页查询
1. 使用一般的queryForList
Java 代码:
注意:findOrder() 返回了比实际需要多一行的数据,用来判断是否还有更多的行未取。在返回前,会把这个多余行remove掉的。
- public class OrderDAOIBatisImpl extends SqlMapClientDaoSupport implements OrderDAO {
- public PagedQueryResult findOrders(int startingIndex,
- int pageSize, OrderSearchCriteria criteria) {
- Map map = new HashMap();
- map.put("pageSize",
- new Integer(pageSize + startingIndex + 1));
- map.put("criteria", criteria);
- Implementing dynamic paged queries with iBATIS 421
- List result = getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForList(
- "findOrders", map, startingIndex, pageSize);
- boolean more = result.size() > pageSize;
- if (more) {
- result.remove(pageSize);
- }
- return new PagedQueryResult(result, more);
- }
- <sqlMap>
- …
- <select id="findOrders" resultMap="OrderResultMap"
- resultSetType="SCROLL_INSENSITIVE">
- SELECT /*+ FIRST_ROWS($pageSize$) */ O.ORDER_ID, R.NAME AS
- RESTAURANT_NAME FROM FTGO_ORDER O, FTGO_RESTAURANT R WHERE
- O.RESTAURANT_ID = R.RESTAURANT_ID
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.restaurantName">
- AND r.name = #criteria.restaurantName#
- </isNotEmpty>
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.deliveryCity">
- AND o.delivery_city = #criteria.deliveryCity#
- </isNotEmpty>
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.state">
- AND o.status = #criteria.state#
- </isNotEmpty>
- ORDER BY o.ORDER_ID ASC
- </select>
- <resultMap id="OrderResultMap"
- class="net.chrisrichardson.foodToGo.
- bbbbbbbbbbb➥ placeOrderTransactionScripts.details.
- bbbbbbbbbb➥ OrderSummaryDTO">
- <result property="orderId" column="ORDER_ID" />
- <result property="restaurantName" column="RESTAURANT_NAME" />
- …
- </resultMap>
- …
- </sqlMap>
2.使用rownum
java代码:
- public PagedQueryResult findOrders (int startingIndex,
- int pageSize, OrderSearchCriteria criteria) {
- Map map = new HashMap();
- map.put("startingIndex", new Integer(startingIndex));
- map.put("maxRows", new Integer(pageSize + startingIndex
- + 2));
- map.put("criteria", criteria);
- List result = getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForList(
- Implementing dynamic paged queries with iBATIS 423
- "findOrders", map);
- boolean more = result.size() > pageSize;
- if (more) {
- result.remove(pageSize);
- }
- return new PagedQueryResult(result, more);
- }
Ibatis配置: 注意:只有start大于0,才会编译某些段
- <sqlMap>
- <select id="findOrders" resultMap="OrderResultMap"
- resultSetType="SCROLL_INSENSITIVE">
- <isGreaterThan property=" startingIndex" compareValue="0">
- SELECT * FROM (SELECT XX.*, ROWNUM RNXX FROM (
- </isGreaterThan>
- SELECT * FROM ( SELECT O.ORDER_ID, R.NAME AS RESTAURANT_NAME
- FROM FTGO_ORDER O, FTGO_RESTAURANT R WHERE O.RESTAURANT_ID =
- R.RESTAURANT_ID
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.restaurantName">
- AND r.name = #criteria.restaurantName#
- </isNotEmpty>
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.deliveryCity">
- AND o.delivery_city = #criteria.deliveryCity#
- </isNotEmpty>
- <isNotEmpty property="criteria.state">
- AND o.status = #criteria.state#
- </isNotEmpty>
- ORDER BY o.ORDER_ID ASC ) WHERE ROWNUM < #maxRows#
- <isGreaterThan property="start" compareValue="0">
- ) XX ) WHERE RNXX > #startingIndex#
- </isGreaterThan>
- </select>
- …
- </sqlMap>
三. 为什么选用上面的rownum分页查询格式
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT A.*, ROWNUM RN
FROM (SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME) A
WHERE ROWNUM <= 40
)
WHERE RN >= 21
其中最内层的查询SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME表示不进行翻页的原始查询语句。ROWNUM <= 40和RN >= 21控制分页查询的每页的范围。
上面给出的这个分页查询语句,在大多数情况拥有较高的效率。分页的目的就是控制输出结果集大小,将结果尽快的返回。在上面的分页查询语句中,这种考虑主要体现在WHERE ROWNUM <= 40这句上。
选择第21到40条记录存在两种方法,一种是上面例子中展示的在查询的第二层通过ROWNUM <= 40来控制最大值,在查询的最外层控制最小值。而另一种方式是去掉查询第二层的WHERE ROWNUM <= 40语句,在查询的最外层控制分页的最小值和最大值。这是,查询语句如下:
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT A.*, ROWNUM RN
FROM (SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME) A
)
WHERE RN BETWEEN 21 AND 40
对比这两种写法,绝大多数的情况下,第一个查询的效率比第二个高得多。
这是由于CBO优化模式下,Oracle可以将外层的查询条件推到内层查询中,以提高内层查询的执行效率。对于第一个查询语句,第二层的查询条件WHERE ROWNUM <= 40就可以被Oracle推入到内层查询中,这样Oracle查询的结果一旦超过了ROWNUM限制条件,就终止查询将结果返回了。
而第二个查询语句,由于查询条件BETWEEN 21 AND 40是存在于查询的第三层,而Oracle无法将第三层的查询条件推到最内层(即使推到最内层也没有意义,因为最内层查询不知道RN代表什么)。因此,对于第二个查询语句,Oracle最内层返回给中间层的是所有满足条件的数据,而中间层返回给最外层的也是所有数据。数据的过滤在最外层完成,显然这个效率要比第一个查询低得多。
四.关于ibatis自己提供的分页API
ibatis自己提供的分页API
- PaginatedList paginatedList=sqlMap.queryForPaginatedList(statementName, parameterObject, pageSize);
这个是基于内存的分页,就是已经把所有数据load到内存了,才实现的伪分页。不会减少load的负荷。
五。补充
有人自己hack了ibatis的分页api,然后实现物理的分页,一般不提倡。