Hibernate实体映射配置（XML）简单三步完美配置

我们在使用Hibernate框架的时候，非常纠结的地方就是实体和表之间的映射，今天借助汤老师的思路写了小教程，以后配置不用纠结了！

第一步：写注释

　　格式为：？属性，表达的是本对象与？的？关系。
　　例：“department属性，本对象与Department的多对一”

第二步：拷模板

　　aaarticlea/png;base64,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" 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第三步：填空：

　　name属性：属性名（注释中的第1问号）
　　class属性：关联的实体类型（注释中的第2个问号）
　　column属性：
　　　　<many-to-one column="..">：一般可以写成属性名加Id后缀，如属性为department，则column值写成departmentId。
　　　　一对多中的<key column="..">：从关联的对方（对方是多对一）映射中把column值拷贝过来。
　　　　多对多中的<key column=“..”>：一般可以写成本对象的名加Id后缀，如本对象名为User，则写为userId。
　　　　多对多中的<many-to-many column=“..”>：一般可以写为关联对象的名称加Id后缀。

应用实例：

　　用户、角色、部门之间的关系映射

　　用户： ID 、名称

　　角色：ID、角色名、描述

　　部门：ID、部门名

　　关系：

　　　　用户和角色是多对多关系，用户和部门是多对一关系，部门自关联是多对一/一对多关系

　　测试代码：

　　　　实体类：（写实体类时候一定不要忘记给每个属性添加setter、getter方法，否则创建不了sessionFactory等对象）

　　　　　User.java

 package com.qcf.po;

 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;

 public class Depart {

     private int id;
     private String name;
     //用户
     Set<User> users=new HashSet<User>();

     //子类部门
     Set<Depart> departs=new HashSet<Depart>();

     //父类部门
     private Depart depart;

     public Set<User> getUsers() {
         return users;
     }
     public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
         this.users = users;
     }
     public Set<Depart> getDeparts() {
         return departs;
     }
     public void setDeparts(Set<Depart> departs) {
         this.departs = departs;
     }
     public Depart getDepart() {
         return depart;
     }
     public void setDepart(Depart depart) {
         this.depart = depart;
     }
     public int getId() {
         return id;
     }
     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }
     public String getName() {
         return name;
     }
     public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
     }
     public Depart(int id, String name) {
         super();
         this.id = id;
         this.name = name;
     }
     public Depart() {
         super();
     }

 }

　　　　　Role.java

 package com.qcf.po;

 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;

 public class Role {

     private int id;
     private String name;
     private String destion;

     //用户
     Set<User> users=new HashSet<User>();

     public Set<User> getUser() {
         return users;
     }
     public void setUser(Set<User> users) {
         this.users = users;
     }
     public int getId() {
         return id;
     }
     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }
     public String getName() {
         return name;
     }
     public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
     }
     public String getDestion() {
         return destion;
     }
     public void setDestion(String destion) {
         this.destion = destion;
     }
     public Role(int id, String name, String destion) {
         super();
         this.id = id;
         this.name = name;
         this.destion = destion;
     }

     public Set<User> getUsers() {
         return users;
     }
     public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
         this.users = users;
     }
     public Role() {
         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
     }
 }

　　　　　Depart.java

 package com.qcf.po;

 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;

 public class Depart {

     private int id;
     private String name;
     //用户
     Set<User> users=new HashSet<User>();

     //子类部门
     Set<Depart> departs=new HashSet<Depart>();

     //父类部门
     private Depart depart;

     public Set<User> getUsers() {
         return users;
     }
     public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
         this.users = users;
     }
     public Set<Depart> getDeparts() {
         return departs;
     }
     public void setDeparts(Set<Depart> departs) {
         this.departs = departs;
     }
     public Depart getDepart() {
         return depart;
     }
     public void setDepart(Depart depart) {
         this.depart = depart;
     }
     public int getId() {
         return id;
     }
     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }
     public String getName() {
         return name;
     }
     public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
     }
     public Depart(int id, String name) {
         super();
         this.id = id;
         this.name = name;
     }
     public Depart() {
         super();
     }

 }

　　　　映射文件：

　　　　　User.hbm.xml

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-mapping
     package="com.qcf.po">
     <class name="User" table="user">
         <id name="id">
             <generator class="native"></generator>
         </id>
         <property name="name" column="username" type="string"></property>
         <property name="age"  column="userage" type="integer"></property>

         <!--depart属性，本对象与Depart的多对一  -->
         <many-to-one name="depart" class="Depart" column="departId"></many-to-one>

         <!--roles属性，本对象与Role的多对多  -->
         <set name="roles" table="user_role">
             <key column="roleId"></key>
             <many-to-many class="Role" column="userId"></many-to-many>
         </set>

     </class>

 </hibernate-mapping>

　　　　　Role.hbm.xml

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-mapping
     package="com.qcf.po">
     <class name="Role">
         <id name="id">
             <generator class="native"></generator>
         </id>
         <property name="name" column="rolename" type="string"></property>
         <property name="destion" column="roledestion"></property>

         <!--users属性，本对象与User的多对多  -->
         <set name="users" table="user_role">
             <key column="userId"></key>
             <many-to-many class="User" column="roleId"/>
         </set>

     </class>

 </hibernate-mapping>

　　　　Depart.hbm.xml

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-mapping
     package="com.qcf.po">
     <class name="Depart">
         <id name="id">
             <generator class="native"></generator>
         </id>
         <property name="name" column="departname" type="string"></property>

         <!--users属性，本对象与User的一对多  -->
         <set name="users">
             <key column="departId"></key>
             <one-to-many class="User"/>
         </set>

         <!--departs属性，本对象与Depart(子类)的一对多  -->
         <set name="departs">
             <key column="departId"></key>
             <one-to-many class="Depart"/>
         </set>

         <!--depart属性，本对象与Depart(父类)的多对一  -->
         <many-to-one name="depart" column="departId" class="Depart"></many-to-one>

     </class>

 </hibernate-mapping>

　　　直接启动程序，或者获取sessionFactory对象即可在数据库中创建四张表。