mysql数据库编码集设置为utf8

时间:2023-01-10 15:08:57
在mysql数据库中, 当插入数据无法支持中文时, 可将该数据库的编码集设置为utf8, 故在创建数据库时, 将数据库编码集及其他字符编码设置为utf8。
如果之前创建的数据库的数据库编码集不为utf8, 可以进行如下设置:
mysql> alter database 数据库名 character set utf8;
或删除原有旧的数据库, 再重新创建新的数据库并将默认的编码集设置为utf8:
mysql> create database 数据库名 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
* 删除数据库:
mysql> drop database dbname if exists dbname;
* 创建数据库:
mysql> create database dbname if not exists dbname;
 
 
为确保 create database dbname 命令创建的数据库编码集为utf8, 我们可对mysql的配置文件进行修改
windows下的mysql配置文件为my.ini, my.ini存在于mysql的安装目录下
linux下的mysql配置文件为my.cnf, mysql.cnf存在于mysql的安装目录下或/etc/下
在my.cnf或my.ini下找到[mysqld], 在其下方添加一行:
character_set_server=utf8
然后保存退出, 并重启mysql服务即可。
 
 

查看字符编码:
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%'; 
mysql> use 数据库名;
mysql> \s

mysql> use 数据库名mysql> status;
具体操作如下:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; 
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> set character_set_database = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> set character_set_server = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> use db_ets;
Database changed
mysql> \s
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper


Connection id:16
Current database:db_ets
Current user:root@localhost
SSL:Not in use
Current pager:stdout
Using outfile:''
Using delimiter:;
Server version:5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:10
Connection:Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:utf8
Db characterset:utf8
Client characterset:utf8
Conn. characterset:utf8
UNIX socket:/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:23 min 45 sec


Threads: 3 Questions: 487 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 144 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 129 Queries per second avg: 0.341
--------------


mysql> status;
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper


Connection id:16
Current database:db_ets
Current user:root@localhost
SSL:Not in use
Current pager:stdout
Using outfile:''
Using delimiter:;
Server version:5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:10
Connection:Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:utf8
Db characterset:utf8
Client characterset:utf8
Conn. characterset:utf8
UNIX socket:/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:24 min 14 sec


Threads: 5 Questions: 501 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 144 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 129 Queries per second avg: 0.344
--------------


mysql>
  
 
 
 
 
 OK, Enjoy it!!!