Zookeeper使用实例——服务节点管理

分布式处理中，总会存在多个服务节点同时工作，并且节点数量会随着网络规模的变化而动态增减，服务节点也有可能发生宕机与恢复。面对着动态增减的服务节点，我们如何保证客户请求被服务器正确处理呢。我们可以通过zookeeper临时节点创建与自动删除来掌握服务节点的动态增减。

ignite分布式缓存支持使用zookeeper发现ignite节点的增减，这正是zookeeper管理服务节点的一个典型应用场景。我们来看看关键代码

        // 关键方法，创建包含自增长id名称的目录，这个方法支持了分布式锁的实现
        // 四个参数：
        // 1、目录名称 2、目录文本信息
        // 3、文件夹权限，Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE表示所有权限
        // 4、目录类型，CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL表示创建临时目录，session断开连接则目录自动删除
        String createdPath = zk.create(
                "/" + clusterNode + "/" + serverNode,
                address.getBytes("utf-8"),
                Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);

采用CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL模式创建临时节点，可以支持服务节点的实时管理。没错，这个模式和《Zookeeper使用实例——分布式共享锁》中创建有序节点支持分布式共享锁是一致的。EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL表示创建有序的临时目录节点，zookeeper客户端创建临时节点后，只要session断开，该临时节点会自动删除。

所以，服务器在zookeeper上创建一个临时目录节点，通过节点事件监听我们可以知道服务器已经加入到服务网络中，监听到临时目录节点删除事件，我们可以知道该节点对应的服务器已经脱离服务网络。下面我们看看具体代码

1、 服务器启动后在zookeeper创建临时目录

package com.coshaho.learn.zookeeper;

import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;

/**
 *
 * 服务节点启动后注册到zookeeper
 * @author coshaho
 *
 */
public class AppServer extends Thread
{
    private String clusterNode = "Locks";
    private String serverNode = "mylock";
    private String serverName;
    private long sleepTime;

    public void run()
    {
        try
        {
            connectZookeeper(serverName);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void connectZookeeper(String address) throws Exception
    {
        ZooKeeper zk = new ZooKeeper("192.168.1.104:12181", 5000, new Watcher()
        {
            public void process(WatchedEvent event)
            {}
        });

        // 关键方法，创建包含自增长id名称的目录，这个方法支持了分布式锁的实现
        // 四个参数：
        // 1、目录名称 2、目录文本信息
        // 3、文件夹权限，Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE表示所有权限
        // 4、目录类型，CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL表示创建临时目录，session断开连接则目录自动删除
        String createdPath = zk.create(
                "/" + clusterNode + "/" + serverNode,
                address.getBytes("utf-8"),
                Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
                CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
        System.out.println("create: " + createdPath);
        Thread.sleep(sleepTime);
    }

    public AppServer(String serverName, long sleepTime)
    {
        this.serverName = serverName;
        this.sleepTime = sleepTime;
    }
}

2、 节点管理服务监听zookeeper临时目录节点创建删除事件

package com.coshaho.learn.zookeeper;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;

/**
 *
 * 客户端注册监听server节点变化
 * @author coshaho
 *
 */
public class AppMaster
{
    private String clusterNode = "Locks";
    private ZooKeeper zk;
    private volatile List<String> serverList;

    public void connectZookeeper() throws Exception
    {
        // 注册全局默认watcher
        zk = new ZooKeeper("192.168.1.104:12181", 5000, new Watcher()
        {
            public void process(WatchedEvent event)
            {
                if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeChildrenChanged
                        && ("/" + clusterNode).equals(event.getPath()))
                {
                    try
                    {
                        updateServerList();
                    }
                    catch (Exception e)
                    {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });

        updateServerList();
    }

    private void updateServerList() throws Exception
    {
        List<String> newServerList = new ArrayList<String>();

        // watcher注册后，只能监听事件一次，参数true表示继续使用默认watcher监听事件
        List<String> subList = zk.getChildren("/" + clusterNode, true);
        for (String subNode : subList)
        {
            // 获取节点数据
            byte[] data = zk.getData("/" + clusterNode + "/" + subNode, false, null);
            newServerList.add(new String(data, "utf-8"));
        }

        serverList = newServerList;
        System.out.println("server list updated: " + serverList);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        AppMaster ac = new AppMaster();
        ac.connectZookeeper();
        Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }
}

3、 启动两个服务器

package com.coshaho.learn.zookeeper;

public class Server1
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        AppServer server1 = new AppServer("Server1", 5000);
        server1.start();
    }
}

package com.coshaho.learn.zookeeper;

public class Server2
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        AppServer server1 = new AppServer("Server2", 10000);
        server1.start();
    }
}

4、 运行结果

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
server list updated: []
server list updated: [Server1]
server list updated: [Server2, Server1]
server list updated: [Server2]
server list updated: []