Nginx与LUA(6)

时间:2023-01-21 21:58:09

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如前所述,OpenResty是一个基于Nginx与Lua的高性能Web平台,内部集成了大量的Lua库、第三方模块以及大多数依赖。模块化既是OpenResty的特色,也是高性能Lua应用的关键。

在实际开发中,OpenResty已经为开发者提供了很多成熟且开箱即用的「模块」:cjson、redis客户端、mysql客户端等。

lua-resty-redis是为Lua提供的redis客户端,通过它可以完成Redis的操作,默认安装OpenResty时已经自带了该模块,可以在github中搜索「lua-resty-redis」找到它。

现在就通过LUA来操作Redis。

先在虚拟机上安装Redis,然后修改Redis的配置文件:

注释掉bind 127.0.0.1:

# bind 127.0.0.1

将protected-mode设为no:

protected-mode no

注释掉requirepass:

# requirepass 123456

启动redis服务:

systemctl start redis.service


创建redis.lua:

vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua/redis.lua

下面是redis.lua的内容:

-- 引入redis模块

local redis = require("resty.redis")

-- 创建实例

local red = redis:new()

-- 超时时间

red:set_timeout(1000)

-- 建立连接

local ok, err = red:connect("127.0.0.1", 6379)

if not ok then

return

end

-- 通过密码访问

-- local res, err = red:auth("123456")

-- if not res then

--     ngx.say("connect to redis error: ", err)

--     return

-- end

-- 保存数据

local res, err = red:set("hello", "hello world")

if not res then

ngx.say("set hello key error: ", err)

local ok, err = red:close()

if not ok then

ngx.say("close redis error: ", err)

end

end

-- 获得数据

local resp, err = red:get("hello")

if not resp then

ngx.say("get hello key error: ", err)

local ok, err = red:close()

if not ok then

ngx.say("close redis error: ", err)

end

end

-- 判空处理

if resp == ngx.null then

resp = ''

end

ngx.say("hello: ", resp)


修改lua.conf:

vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua.conf

其中的内容是:

server {

    listen       80;

    server_name  _;


    location /redis {

        default_type 'text/html';

        lua_code_cache on;

        content_by_lua_file conf/lua/redis.lua;

    }

}


运行测试:

重启Nginx服务:

/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

执行curl命令:

curl 'http://127.0.0.1/redis'

得到结果:

hello: hello world


再次修改修改redis.lua:

-- 初始化管道

red:init_pipeline()

red:set("test1", "hello")

red:set("test2", "world")

red:get("test1")

red:get("test2")

local respTable, err = red:commit_pipeline()

-- 判空处理

if respTable == ngx.null then

    respTable = {}

end

-- 结果是按照执行顺序返回的一个table

for i, v in ipairs(respTable) do

    ngx.say("result: ", v)

end


运行测试:

重启Nginx服务:

/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

执行curl命令:

curl 'http://127.0.0.1/redis'

得到结果:

hello: hello world

result : OK

result : OK

result : hello

result : world


如同Redis那样,OpenResty也封装好了操作mysql的模块。lua-resty-mysql是为Lua提供的mysql客户端,通过它可以完成mysql的操作,默认安装OpenResty时已经自带了该模块,可以在github中搜索「lua-resty-mysql」找到它。

首先创建创建mysql.lua:

vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua/mysql.lua

mysql.lua的内容是:

-- 引入mysql模块

local mysql = require("resty.mysql")

-- 创建实例

local db, err = mysql:new()

if not db then

    ngx.say("new  mysql error:", err)

    return

end

-- 超时时间

db:set_timeout(5000)

-- 建立连接

local props = {

    host = "127.0.0.1",

    port = 3306,

    database = "sys",

    user = "root",

    password = "123456"

}

local res, err, errno, state = db:connect(props)

if not res then

    ngx.say("connect to mysql error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

-- 删除表

local drop_table_sql = "drop table if exists test"

res, err, errno, state = db:query(drop_table_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("drop table error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

-- 创建表

local create_table_sql = "create table test(id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(100))"

res, err, errno, state = db:query(create_table_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("create table error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

-- 插入

local insert_sql = "insert into test (name) values('xiangwang')"

res, err, errno, state = db:query(insert_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("insert error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

ngx.say("insert rows : ", res.affected_rows, ", id: ", res.insert_id)

-- 更新

local update_sql = "update test set name = 'xiangwang2' where id = " .. res.insert_id

res, err, errno, sqlstate = db:query(update_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("update error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

ngx.say("update rows : ", res.affected_rows)

-- 查询

local select_sql = "select id, ch from test"

res, err, errno, sqlstate = db:query(select_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("select error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

for i, row in ipairs(res) do

    for name, value in pairs(row) do

        ngx.say("select row ", i, " : ", name, " = ", value)

    end

end

-- 防注入

-- local param = ngx.req.get_uri_args()["name"] or ''

-- local query_sql = "select id, name from test where name = " .. ngx.quote_sql_str(param)

-- res, err, errno, state = db:query(query_sql)

-- if not res then

--     ngx.say("select error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

--     return db:close()

-- end

-- for i, row in ipairs(res) do

--     for name, value in pairs(row) do

--         ngx.say("select row ", i, " : ", name, " = ", value)

--     end

-- end

-- 删除

local delete_sql = "delete from test"

res, err, errno, state = db:query(delete_sql)

if not res then

    ngx.say("delete error: ", err, ", errno: ", errno, ", state: ", state)

    return db:close()

end

ngx.say("delete rows: ", res.affected_rows)


修改lua.conf:

vi /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/lua.conf

lua.conf的内容是:

server {

    listen       80;

    server_name  _;


    location /mysql {

        default_type 'text/html';

        lua_code_cache on;

        content_by_lua_file conf/lua/mysql.lua;

    }

}


重启Nginx服务:

/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

执行curl命令:

curl 'http://127.0.0.1/mysql

得到结果:

insert rows: 1, id: 1

update rows : 1

select row 1 : name = xiangwang2

select row 1 : id = 1

delete rows: 1




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