CXF发布restful WebService的入门例子(服务器端)

时间:2022-03-20 22:11:36

研究了两天CXF对restful的支持。 
  现在,想实现一个以 
http://localhost:9999/roomservice 为入口, 
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room为房间列表, 
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001/ 为001号房间的信息, 
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001/person 为在001号房间主的人的列表

实现用HTTP请求对以上资源的CRUD。

首先建立room,person的POJO,这里只有一点需要注意:

package com.DAO;  

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;  

@XmlRootElement(name="Person")
public class Person {
private String name;
private String sex;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
} }

一定要在类的前边加上annotation ,这样才能让这个person的信息在POJO和XML之间转换。Room同理:

import java.util.Map;  

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;  

@XmlRootElement(name="Room")
public class Room {
public Room()
{
persons=new HashMap<String,Person>();
}
String id;
Map<String,Person> persons; public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Map<String, Person> getPersons() {
return persons;
}
public void setPersons(Map<String, Person> persons) {
this.persons = persons;
}
}

POJO有了,接下来要写DAO,由于主要是为了学习restful,为了方便,不必要将数据持久化到数据库,而是存在一个静态的HashMap中:

package com.DAO;  

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; public class RoomDAO {
private static Map<String, Room> rooms;
static {
rooms = new HashMap<String, Room>(); Person p1=new Person();
p1.setName("Boris");
p1.setSex("male"); Room r=new Room();
r.setId("001");
r.getPersons().put(p1.getName(), p1);
rooms.put("001", r);
} public static void addRoom(Room room) {
rooms.put(room.getId(), room);
} public static void deleteRoom(String id) {
if (rooms.containsKey(id)) {
rooms.remove(id);
} } public static void updateRoom(String id,Room room) {
rooms.remove(id);
rooms.put(room.getId(), room);
} public static Room getRoom(String id) {
if (rooms.containsKey(id)) {
return rooms.get(id);
} else {
return null;
}
}
/*operations to persons*/
public static void addPerson(String id_room,Person person) {
if(rooms.containsKey(id_room))
{
Room room=rooms.get(id_room);
room.getPersons().put(person.getName(), person);
}
} public static Rooms getRooms()
{
return new Rooms();
} public static void deletePerson(String id_room,String name)
{
if(rooms.containsKey(id_room))
{
Room room=rooms.get(id_room);
room.getPersons().remove(name);
}
} public static Map<String, Room> getMapOfRooms()
{
return rooms;
}
}

接下来是重点,如果想发布restful webservice,要通过一个叫JAXRSServerFactoryBean的类来发布。这个类有几个方法是要了解的:

public void setResourceClasses(Class... classes); 
那一系列的Class类型的参数,是告诉这个类,发布服务时,会用到的POJO(就像上边写的Room,Person)。

public void setAddress(String address); 
这个方法是告诉这个类,服务的地址,比如"http://localhost:9999"

public void setServiceBeans(Object... beans) 
这里是重点,这个方法,要给这个用来发布服务的类一个Service bean.这个Bean是我们要手动编写的,作用是告诉服务,收到什么样的请求,应该怎么样处理。

现在,先来编写这个Service bean:

package com.server;  

import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.PUT;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces; import com.DAO.Person;
import com.DAO.Room;
import com.DAO.RoomDAO;
import com.DAO.Rooms; @Path("/roomservice")
@Produces("application/xml")
public class RoomService { @GET
@Path("/room/{id}")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public Room getRoom(@PathParam("id")String id )
{
System.out.println("get room by id= "+id);
Room room=RoomDAO.getRoom(id);
return room;
}
@GET
@Path("/room")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public Rooms getAllRoom()
{
System.out.println("get all room");
Rooms rooms=RoomDAO.getRooms();
return rooms;
} @POST
@Path("/room")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public void addRoom(Room room)
{
System.out.println("add room which id is:"+room.getId());
RoomDAO.addRoom(room);
}
@PUT
@Path("/room/{id}")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public void updateRoom(@PathParam("id")String id,Room room)
{
System.out.println("update room which original id is:"+room.getId());
RoomDAO.updateRoom(id,room);
}
@DELETE
@Path("/room/{id}")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public void deleteRoom(@PathParam("id")String id)
{
System.out.println("remove room by id= "+id);
RoomDAO.deleteRoom(id);
}
@POST
@Path("/room/{id}")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public void addPerson(@PathParam("id") String id,Person person)
{
System.out.println("add person who's name is:"+person.getName());
RoomDAO.addPerson(id, person);
}
@DELETE
@Path("/room/{id}/{name}")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public void deletePerson(@PathParam("id")String id,@PathParam("name")String name)
{
System.out.println("remove person who's name is: "+name);
RoomDAO.deletePerson(id, name);
}
}

需要注意:每个方法之前,要用annotation声明http请求的method类型,比如GET,DELETE,POST, PUT. 
@Produces("application/xml")我还没弄清楚到底是声明的接受格式还是返回格式,还是其他。

@Path("/room/{id}")中的id是一个参数,应该在方法的参数列表中声明: 
public void deletePerson(@PathParam("id")String id,@PathParam("name")String name) 
这样就能得到URL中的id了。

现在,这些房间被资源化了,id为001的房间被资源化为一个URL,那地址应该是 
http:{服务器地址}:{端口}/roomservice/rrom/001

现在,创建一个Server:

package com.server;  

import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSServerFactoryBean;  

import com.DAO.Person;
import com.DAO.Room;
import com.DAO.Rooms; public class Server { public static void main(String[] args) {
RoomService service = new RoomService(); // Service instance
JAXRSServerFactoryBean restServer = new JAXRSServerFactoryBean();
restServer.setResourceClasses(Room.class,Person.class,Rooms.class);
restServer.setServiceBeans(service);
restServer.setAddress("http://localhost:9999/");
restServer.create();
}
}

现在,服务已经发布成功了,在浏览器输入http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001  得到结果:

<room>
<id>001</id>

<persons>

<entry>
<key>Boris</key>

<value>
<name>Boris</name>
<sex>male</sex>
</value>
</entry>
</persons>
</room>

如果用浏览器去访问,发送的http请求只能所GET,因此如果想对数据进行操作,必须写一个客户端。 
在写客户端之前,有一个问题: 
在浏览器输入http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/ 
什么都看不到,可是,我想要得到房间列表。但是,cxf发布restful只认你给他的类的class。所以你想让服务器返回一个room的列表给客户端,是不行的。所以,必须想别的办法,我是又写了一个POJO,这个POJO里只有一个属性,就是一个存放所有room的Map: 
package com.DAO;

import java.util.Map;  

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@XmlRootElement(name="rooms")
public class Rooms {
Map<String,Room> rooms;
public Rooms()
{
rooms=RoomDAO.getMapOfRooms();
}
public Map<String, Room> getRooms() {
return rooms;
}
public void setRooms(Map<String, Room> rooms) {
this.rooms = rooms;
}
}

这样,然后再把DAO的方法加上:

@GET
@Path("/room")
@Consumes("application/xml")
public Rooms getAllRoom()
{
System.out.println("get all room");
Rooms rooms=RoomDAO.getRooms();
return rooms;
}

这样就能以list的形式显示出所有room了。 
访问http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/ 
结果如下:

<rooms>

<rooms>

<entry>
<key>006</key>

<value>
<id>006</id>
<persons/>
</value>
</entry>

<entry>
<key>001</key>

<value>
<id>001</id>

<persons>

<entry>
<key>Boris</key>

<value>
<name>Boris</name>
<sex>male</sex>
</value>
</entry>
</persons>
</value>
</entry>
</rooms>
</rooms>

转自 http://borissun.iteye.com/blog/765869