除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类，还可以通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现同样效果。
首先说下.Net配置文件中一个潜规则：
在配置节点时，对于想要进行存储的参数数据，可以采用两种方式：一种是存储到节点的属性中，另一种是存储在节点的文本中。
因为一个节点可以有很多属性，但是只要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题，.net的配置文件只是用属性存储而不使用innertext.
接着，我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自定义配置文件，方便测试：
<mailServerGroup provider="www.baidu.com"> <mailServers>
<mailServer client="http://blog.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="13232@qq.com" userName="lhc" password="2343254"/>
<mailServer client="http://blog345.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdfgdsggtaewg32@qq.com" userName="dfshs水田如雅" password="2334t243的萨芬234254"/>
<mailServer client="http://blog436.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdgadsfgdtaewg32@qq.com" userName="sdfhdfs水田如雅" password="23ewrty2343的萨芬234254"/>
<mailServer client="http://blo345734g.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdgdfagdstaewg32@qq.com" userName="sdfher水田如雅" password="23erwt43的萨芬234254"/>
</mailServers>
</mailServerGroup>
接着，我们来写相应的处理类，这里我们由内向外来写：
首先是最内层的mailServer:
/// <summary> /// Class MailServerElement：用于映射mailServer节点，这里是实际存储数据的地方； /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:51:57</remarks> public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement //配置文件中的配置元素 { /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the client. /// </summary> /// <value>The client.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:40</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("client", IsKey = true, IsRequired = true)] //client是必须的key属性，有点儿主键的意思，例如，如果定义多个client相同的节点，循环读取的话就只读取到最后一个值 public string Client { get { return this["client"] as string; } set { this["client"] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the address. /// </summary> /// <value>The address.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:38</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("address")] public string Address { get { return this["address"] as string; } set { this["address"] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the name of the user. /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the user.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:35</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("userName")] public string UserName { get { return this["userName"] as string; } set { this["userName"] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the password. /// </summary> /// <value>The password.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:33</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("password")] public string Password { get { return this["password"] as string; } set { this["password"] = value; } } }
接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合：
/// <summary> /// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点，为一个集合类，另外还包含了很多对节点的操作方法，大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:52:00</remarks> public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection { /// <summary> /// 获取 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollection" /> 的类型。 /// </summary> /// <value>The type of the collection.</value> /// <returns>此集合的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollectionType" />。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:08</remarks> public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType { get { return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap; } } /// <summary> /// 当在派生的类中重写时，创建一个新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。 /// </summary> /// <returns>新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:03</remarks> protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MailServerElement(); } /// <summary> /// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">要为其返回键的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。</param> /// <returns>一个 <see cref="T:System.Object" />，用作指定 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" /> 的键。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:04:51</remarks> protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return (element as MailServerElement).Client; } /// <summary> /// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件中此元素集合的名称。 /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the element.</value> /// <returns>集合的名称；否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 23:41:40</remarks> protected override string ElementName { get { return "mailServer"; } } /// <summary> /// 获取集合中的元素数。 /// </summary> /// <value>The count.</value> /// <returns>集合中的元素数。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:08:24</remarks> public new int Count { get { return base.Count; } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> /// <param name="index">The index.</param> /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch</remarks> public MailServerElement this[int index] { get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; } set { if (BaseGet(index) != null) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } BaseAdd(index, value); } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> /// <param name="Name">The name.</param> /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch</remarks> new public MailServerElement this[string Name] { get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; } } /// <summary> /// Indexes the of. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <returns>System.Int32.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:24:16</remarks> public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element) { return BaseIndexOf(element); } /// <summary> /// Adds the specified element. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:26:06</remarks> public void Add(MailServerElement element) { BaseAdd(element); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified element. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:27:01</remarks> public void Remove(MailServerElement element) { if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0) { BaseRemove(element.Client); } } /// <summary> /// Removes at. /// </summary> /// <param name="index">The index.</param> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:33:29</remarks> public void RemoveAt(int index) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified client. /// </summary> /// <param name="client">The client.</param> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:34:04</remarks> public void Remove(string client) { BaseRemove(client); } /// <summary> /// Clears this instance. /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:34:29</remarks> public void Clear() { BaseClear(); } }
最后是最外层的group:
/// <summary> /// Class MailServerSection 为入口： /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:41:02</remarks> public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection //继承配置文件中节 { /// <summary> /// Gets the provider.：映射mailServerGroup节点的provider /// </summary> /// <value>The provider.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:59</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("provider", IsKey = true)] public string provider { get { return this["provider"] as string; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the mail servers.：映射新添加的节点mailServers节点；这个节点下还包含了若干个mailServer节点，因此它是一个集合类 /// </summary> /// <value>The mail servers.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:56</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty("mailServers", IsDefaultCollection = false)] public MailServerCollection MailServers { get { return this["mailServers"] as MailServerCollection; } set { this["mailServers"] = value; } } }
同样，关联处理类和节点：
<section name="mailServerGroup" type="继承ConfigurationSection基类.MailServerSection,继承ConfigurationSection基类"/> </configSections>
之后做个测试：
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Test(); } /// <summary> /// Tests this instance.：读取节点值示例 /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 23:04:53</remarks> private static void Test() { MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailServerGroup"); Console.WriteLine("MailServerSection 的provider属性值："+mailSection.provider); foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers) { Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------"); Console.WriteLine("client值为："+config.Client); Console.WriteLine("address值为："+config.Address); Console.WriteLine("username值为："+config.UserName); Console.WriteLine("password值为："+config.Password); Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------"); } Console.ReadKey(); } }
本来还想传张结果图，但是网速慢，算啦，喜欢玩儿的童鞋自己run下结果。。。。。