SSM-Spring-06:Spring的自动注入autowire的byName和byType

时间:2023-03-09 03:47:43
SSM-Spring-06:Spring的自动注入autowire的byName和byType
------------吾亦无他,唯手熟尔,谦卑若愚,好学若饥-------------

di的注入上次讲了一些,这次主要阐述域属性的自动注入

先讲byType方式

  看名字就知道是根据类型进行自动注入

  案例:

  实体类:(俩个,一个学生类,一个汽车类)

package cn.dawn.day06autowire;

/**
* Created by Dawn on 2018/3/5.
*/
//student类
public class Student {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Car car; //带参构造
public Student(String name, Integer age, Car car) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.car = car;
} //无参构造
public Student() {
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public Integer getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
} public Car getCar() {
return car;
} public void setCar(Car car) {
this.car = car;
}
} package cn.dawn.day06autowire; /**
* Created by Dawn on 2018/3/5.
*/
public class Car {
private String color;
private String type; public String getColor() {
return color;
} public void setColor(String color) {
this.color = color;
} public String getType() {
return type;
} public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
}

  在配置文件中:

    <!--汽车的bean-->
<bean id="car" class="cn.dawn.day06autowire.Car">
<property name="color" value="黑色"></property>
<property name="type" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean> <!--装配student-->
<bean id="student" class="cn.dawn.day06autowire.Student" autowire="byType">
<property name="name" value="马云"></property>
<property name="age" value=""></property>
</bean>

  单测方法:

package cn.dawn.day06autowire;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; /**
* Created by Dawn on 2018/3/3.
*/
public class test20180306 { @Test
/*di自动注入*/
public void t01(){
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext-day06autowire.xml");
Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
System.out.println("学生"+student.getName()+"开着"+student.getCar().getColor()+"的"+student.getCar().getType());
}
}

  单测后可以正常执行

  但是问题来了:如果有一个类继承Car,并且在spring的配置文件中配置了他的bean,那么byType还可以吗?

    SSM-Spring-06:Spring的自动注入autowire的byName和byType

  结果是不行的,它报错的解释是,不能自动装配,有比一个多的car类型,所以,引出了另外一种方式byName

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  byName的方式,要求实体类的关联的那个对象名要和上面配置的bean的id一样,就可以自动装配,我的上面汽车的bean的id是car,说明只要Student类中的关联的Car类型的对象的名字是car就可以自动装配

  代码

    <bean id="student" class="cn.dawn.day06autowire.Student" autowire="byName">
<property name="name" value="马云"></property>
<property name="age" value=""></property>
</bean>

  结果依旧,正常运行