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Smartctl（S.M.A.R.T 自监控，分析和报告技术）是类Unix系统下实施SMART任务命令行套件或工具，它用于打印SMART自检和错误日志，启用并禁用SMRAT自动检测，以及初始化设备自检。
Smartctl对于Linux物理服务器十分有用，在这些服务器上，可以对智能磁盘进行错误检查，并将与硬件RAID相关的磁盘信息摘录下来。
在本帖中，我们将讨论smartctl命令的一些实用样例。如果你的Linux上海没有安装smartctl，请按以下步骤来安装。
安装 Smartctl
对于 Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install smartmontools
对于 CentOS & RHEL
1 # yum install smartmontools
启动Smartctl服务
对于 Ubuntu
$ sudo /etc/init.d/smartmontools start
对于 CentOS & RHEL
# service smartd start ; chkconfig smartd on
样例
样例：1 检查磁盘的 Smart 功能是否启用
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -i /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Momentus 5400.6
Device Model: ST9320325AS
Serial Number: 5VD2V59T
LU WWN Device Id: 000c50 020a37ec4
Firmware Version: 0002BSM1
User Capacity: ,,, bytes [ GB]
Sector Size: bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/-D revision
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 1.5 Gb/s
Local Time is: Sun Nov :: IST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
这里‘/dev/sdb’是你的硬盘。上面输出中的最后两行显示了SMART功能已启用。
样例：2 启用磁盘的 Smart 功能
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -s on /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===.SMART Enabled.
样例：3 禁用磁盘的 Smart 功能
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -s off /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.
样例：4 显示磁盘的详细 Smart 信息
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdb // For IDE drive
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -a -d ata /dev/sdb // For SATA drive
样例：5 显示磁盘总体健康状况
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -H /dev/sdb smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build) Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check. Please note the following marginal Attributes: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 Old_age Always In_the_past (Min/Max /)
样例：6 使用long和short选项测试硬盘
Long测试
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=long /dev/sdb smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build) Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Sun Nov :: Use smartctl -X to abort test.
或者，我们可以重定向测试输出到日志文件，就像下面这样
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=long /dev/sdb > /var/log/long.text
Short测试
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=short /dev/sdb smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build) Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Sun Nov :: Use smartctl -X to abort test.
或
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=short /dev/sdb > /var/log/short.text
注意：short测试将花费最多2分钟，而在long测试中没有时间限制，因为它会读取并验证磁盘的每个段。
样例：7 查看驱动器的自检结果
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdb smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build) Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# Short offline Completed: read failure %
# Extended offline Completed: read failure %
样例：8 计算测试时间估值
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -c /dev/sdb smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build) Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( ) The previous self-test completed having the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( ) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( ) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( ) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( ) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103b) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
样例：9 显示磁盘错误日志
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -l error /dev/sdb Sample Output
smartctl 6.2 -- r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.--generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) -, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Error Log Version: ATA Error Count:
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
da e7 e5 a5 4c ::44.515 READ DMA EXT
da df e5 a5 4c ::44.514 READ DMA EXT
da 5f e5 a5 4c ::44.502 READ DMA EXT
da f0 5f e6 a5 4c ::44.496 READ DMA EXT
da 4f e6 a5 4c ::44.383 READ DMA EXT