WKWebView与JS交互,UIWebView+JavascriptCore和JS交互

时间:2023-05-04 21:45:20

最近一直在做有关Swift和JavaScript交互的程序,所以有关UIWebView和WKWebView在使用上的差别在此总结下:

UIWebView:

(1)创建

var webView: UIWebView!
self.webView = UIWebView.init(frame: CGRect.init(x: 0, y: 0, width: kScreenWidth, height: kScreenHeight))
self.view.addSubview(self.webView!)
self.webView.delegate = self

(2)请求

let url = ""
let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: url)!)
self.webView.loadRequest(request)

(3)常用代理

UIWebViewDelegate

func webViewDidStartLoad(webView: UIWebView) {
}
func webView(webView: UIWebView, didFailLoadWithError error: NSError?) {
}
func webViewDidFinishLoad(webView: UIWebView) {
}

UIWebView最屌的当然还是结合传说中的JavaScriptCore的Hybrid方式了

(4)在UIWebView中注入(执行)JS (注意要在webViewDidFinishLoad回调,也就是加载完后才能执行

//第一种方法,直接webview执行(应该是封装了下面的方法二)
let resultStr=""
self.webView.stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString("theFunc('"+resultStr+"');")! as String //第二种,使用kvc来取得mainframe的context,然后执行
let context = webView.valueForKeyPath("documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext") as! JSContext
context.evaluateScript(theScript)

(5)在UIWebView中监听JS的函数,这种方式可以通过原生return来call back,不过return是一种同步的call back。不是非常好。

let context = webView.valueForKeyPath("documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext") as! JSContext

//假如JS传给原生一个JSON的字符串
let accountSerial: @convention(block) String -> () = { _ in
let value = JSContext.currentArguments().first
let data = value?.toString().dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
let accountInfoDic = try? NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options:[]) as! NSDictionary
}
context.setObject(unsafeBitCast(accountSerial, AnyObject.self), forKeyedSubscript: "saveAccountInfo") //假如需要原生return一个JSON的字符串
let cookiesSerial : @convention(block) () -> String = {
let cookies = NSHTTPCookieStorage.sharedHTTPCookieStorage().cookiesForURL((webView.request?.URL)!)
let header=NSHTTPCookie.requestHeaderFieldsWithCookies(cookies!) as NSDictionary
if(header.objectForKey("Cookie") != nil) {
return cookies.toJsonString()
}
}

(6)另外一种奇葩的通过URL拦截的方式,让JS调用原生

http://www.cnblogs.com/rayshen/p/4560728.html

WKWebView:

(1)创建,需要import的框架和继承的协议

//需要导入
import WebKit class MXWebDemoController:UIViewController,WKNavigationDelegate,WKUIDelegate,WKScriptMessageHandler{} private var webView:WKWebView!
private var progressView:UIProgressView! //进度条
progressView = UIProgressView(progressViewStyle: UIProgressViewStyle.Default)
progressView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.width, 22)
progressView.tintColor = UIColor.blueColor()
self.view.addSubview(progressView)
//初始化
let conf = WKWebViewConfiguration()
webView = WKWebView(frame: CGRectMake(0,0,kScreenWidth,kScreenHeight), configuration: conf)
self.view.insertSubview(webView, belowSubview: progressView)

(2)请求

let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string:baseUrl)!, cachePolicy: .ReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData, timeoutInterval: 10)
self.webView.loadRequest(request)

(3)常用代理

//webview加载完,重置进度条
func webView(webView: WKWebView, didFinishNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!) {
progressView.setProgress(0.0, animated: false)
} //kvo监听
override func observeValueForKeyPath(keyPath: String?, ofObject object: AnyObject?, change: [String : AnyObject]?, context: UnsafeMutablePointer<Void>) {
if keyPath == "estimatedProgress" {
progressView.hidden = webView.estimatedProgress == 1
progressView.setProgress(Float(webView.estimatedProgress), animated: true)
}
} //和JS消息交互
// MARK: - WKScriptMessageHandler
func userContentController(userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceiveScriptMessage message: WKScriptMessage) {
if(message.name == "mxBack"){
self.navigationController?.popViewControllerAnimated(true)
}
}

(4)JS注入,最基本的就是evaluateJavaScript函数,在页面加载完后去执行。再而,WKWebView新增了JS注入的接口。

//方法1
let jsStr = ""
webView.evaluateJavaScript(jsStr),completionHandler: { (object, error) in
if(error != nil){
print(error)
}
}) //方法2
let script = WKUserScript(source:self.scriptStr,injectionTime: .AtDocumentStart,forMainFrameOnly: true)

(5)接受来自JS的消息

//
conf.userContentController.addScriptMessageHandler(self, name:"mxBack") //
func userContentController(userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceiveScriptMessage message: WKScriptMessage) {
weak var weakself = self
if(message.name == "mxBack"){
self.hasGetResult = true
self.gotoBack()
}
}

有关WKWebView,有个缺点,就是和JS之间没有同步的函数(依靠return来回传的方式)。

之前大部分iOS项目都是使用UIWebView,现在iOS8后Webkit良好的性能取代了UIWebView,但它的异步对很多旧的Web工程都有点影响。

别人的Demo:

https://github.com/CoderJackyHuang/WKWebViewTestDemo

下周有空我会写个更好的,更详细的介绍JS和原生之间的交互。