一,关于创建介绍

　　1,介绍

　　CDB支持多种创建PDB的技术。默认CBD会有一个PDB$SEED

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　创建的PDB自动包括完整数据字典，包括元数据和CDB根目录中系统提供的对象的内部链接。您必须从单个根定义每个PDB：CDB根或应用程序根。

创建的方式由下图体现

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

每个PDB都有一个全局唯一标识符（GUID）。PDB GUID主要用于为存储PDB文件的目录生成名称，包括Oracle Managed Files目录和非Oracle Managed Files目录。

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

hrpdb是从种子pdb创建（克隆）的新pdb。
SalesPDB是驻留在远程CDB中的PDB的克隆。
test1是名为hrpdb的本地pdb的克隆。
test2是通过插入非cdb创建的pdb。
test3是通过插入未插入的PDB而创建的PDB。
test4是一个代理pdb，它是引用不同pdb的pdb。在这种情况下，代理PDB是本地的，而引用的PDB在单独的CDB中。在test4中发出的所有语句都在远程pdb中执行。

二,通过seed生成创建PDB

　　1,介绍

　　seed 是PDB，用作创建另一个PDB的模板。从种子创建复制PDB的部分或全部内容，然后分配新的唯一标识符。

　　CDB seed（PDB$SEED），它是系统提供的用于创建PDB的模板每个CDB都有一个CDB种子，不能修改或删除。

　　一个application seed 这是一个用户创建的PDB为指定的应用程序根, 在应用程序容器中，您可以使用该CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE AS SEED语句创建应用程序种子，然后可以使用该语句来加速新应用程序PDB的创建。

　　从SEED中创建一个PDB

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　2,操作手册

　　　　01,创建文件

　　 ORACLE--12C--创建PDB 　　

　　创建的时候需要有pdbseed的数据文件位置创建

create pluggable database hrpdb ADMIN USER test IDENTIFIED BY  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb');

　　指定FILE_NAME_CONVERT 第一个位默认PDBSEED的位置,第二个为创建的位置

　　查看系统默认的seed,默认路径再数据文件下

　　 ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　点击创建命令后

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　已经可以看见创建成功了

日志:

 create pluggable database hrpdb ADMIN USER test IDENTIFIED BY * FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb')

 2019-04-12T04:14:57.750018-04:00

 PDB$SEED(2): AUDSYS.AUD$UNIFIED (SQL_TEXT) - CLOB populated

 2019-04-12T04:15:04.217160-04:00

 HRPDB(4):Endian type of dictionary set to little

 ****************************************************************

 Pluggable Database HRPDB with pdb id - 4 is created as UNUSABLE.

 If any errors are encountered before the pdb is marked as NEW,

 then the pdb must be dropped

 local undo-1, localundoscn-0x00000000000000e1

 ****************************************************************

 HRPDB(4):Autotune of undo retention is turned on.

 HRPDB(4):[] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

 HRPDB(4):Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:867397895 end:867397934 diff:39 ms (0.0 seconds)

 HRPDB(4):Database Characterset for HRPDB is AL32UTF8

 HRPDB(4):JIT: pid 23505 requesting stop

 2019-04-12T04:15:05.403748-04:00

 Completed: create pluggable database hrpdb ADMIN USER test IDENTIFIED BY * FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb')

 2019-04-12T04:23:36.621717-04:00

 Starting control autobackup

 2019-04-12T04:23:37.668547-04:00

 Control autobackup written to DISK device

 handle '/orcl/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/NODE12C01/autobackup/2019_04_12/o1_mf_s_1005366216_gc0lr92c_.bkp'

 2019-04-12T04:26:16.183955-04:00

 HRPDB(4):alter database open

 HRPDB(4):Autotune of undo retention is turned on.

 2019-04-12T04:26:16.263808-04:00

 HRPDB(4):Endian type of dictionary set to little

 HRPDB(4):[] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

 HRPDB(4):Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:868069298 end:868069348 diff:50 ms (0.1 seconds)

 HRPDB(4):Deleting old file#5 from file$

 HRPDB(4):Deleting old file#6 from file$

 HRPDB(4):Deleting old file#8 from file$

 HRPDB(4):Adding new file#13 to file$(old file#5)

 HRPDB(4):Adding new file#14 to file$(old file#6)

 HRPDB(4):Adding new file#15 to file$(old file#8)

 HRPDB(4):Successfully created internal service hrpdb at open

 ****************************************************************

 Post plug operations are now complete.

 Pluggable database HRPDB with pdb id - 4 is now marked as NEW.

 ****************************************************************

 HRPDB(4):Database Characterset for HRPDB is AL32UTF8

 HRPDB(4):Opatch validation is skipped for PDB HRPDB (con_id=0)

 2019-04-12T04:26:18.750044-04:00

 HRPDB(4):Opening pdb with no Resource Manager plan active

 Pluggable database HRPDB opened read write

 HRPDB(4):Completed: alter database open

　　02,链接打开hrpdb

alter session set container=hrpdb;

show pdbs

alter database open;

show pdbs;

show con_name

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　　　03 关闭hrpdb

alter pluggable database hrpdb close immediate;  关闭

alter pluggable database  hrpdb  open; 开启

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

三,通过克隆的方式创建PDB

　 ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

　　01,克隆

查看当前位置

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

注意:不再这个用户报错显示如下,

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-65040: operation not allowed from within a pluggable database

克隆时保证PDB为只读模式下进行
SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME              OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
     2 PDB$SEED              READ ONLY  NO
     3 ORCLPDB              READ WRITE NO
     4 HRPDB              READ ONLY  NO

创建命令:
CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE salespdb FROM hrpdb

  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb', '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/salespdb')

  STORAGE (MAXSIZE 1G);

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

创建发生的日志:

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE salespdb FROM hrpdb

  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb', '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/salespdb')

  STORAGE (MAXSIZE 1G)

2019-04-12T04:50:33.236510-04:00

HRPDB(4): AUDSYS.AUD$UNIFIED (SQL_TEXT) - CLOB populated

2019-04-12T04:50:37.334873-04:00

SALESPDB(5):Endian type of dictionary set to little

****************************************************************

Pluggable Database SALESPDB with pdb id - 5 is created as UNUSABLE.

If any errors are encountered before the pdb is marked as NEW,

then the pdb must be dropped

local undo-1, localundoscn-0x00000000000000e1

****************************************************************

SALESPDB(5):Autotune of undo retention is turned on.

SALESPDB(5):[] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

SALESPDB(5):Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:869530424 end:869530448 diff:24 ms (0.0 seconds)

SALESPDB(5):Database Characterset for SALESPDB is AL32UTF8

SALESPDB(5):JIT: pid 24804 requesting stop

Completed: CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE salespdb FROM hrpdb

  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hrpdb', '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/salespdb')

  STORAGE (MAXSIZE 1G)

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

启动:

alter pluggable database  salespdb open;

查看

ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

四,克隆不包括数据的PDB

 SQL> alter session set container= SALESPDB;

 Session altered.

 SQL> show pdbs

     CON_ID CON_NAME              OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED

 ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

      5 SALESPDB              READ WRITE NO

 SQL> show con_name

 CON_NAME

 ------------------------------

 SALESPDB

 SQL> create table t(id number);

 Table created.

 SQL>

 SQL> insert into t values(1);

 1 row created.

 SQL> commit;

 Commit complete.

 SQL> select count(*) from t;

   COUNT(*)

 ----------

      1

SQL> alter session set container=CDB$ROOT

  2  ;

Session altered.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME              OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

     2 PDB$SEED              READ ONLY  NO

     3 ORCLPDB              READ WRITE NO

     4 HRPDB              READ ONLY  NO

     5 SALESPDB              READ WRITE NO

必须为只读模式下创建

SQL> alter pluggable database SALESPDB close immediate

  2  ;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database SALESPDB open READ ONLY;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE testq FROM SALESPDB

  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/SALESPDB', '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/testq ') NO DATA;

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE testq FROM SALESPDB

  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/SALESPDB', '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/testq ')  NO DATA;

五,通过插入创建PDB

　　 ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

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ORACLE--12C--创建PDB

一,关于创建介绍

二,通过seed生成创建PDB

1,介绍

2,操作手册

01,创建文件

02,链接打开hrpdb

03 关闭hrpdb

三,通过克隆的方式创建PDB

01,克隆

四,克隆不包括数据的PDB

五,通过插入创建PDB

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