struct和typedef struct的用法

时间:2023-02-27 18:31:44

我首先想到的去MSDN上看看sturct到底是什么东西,虽然平时都在用,但是每次用的时候都搞不清楚到底这两个东西有什么区别,既然微软有MSDN,我们为什么不好好利用呢,下面是摘自MSDN中的一段话:

The struct keyword defines a structure type and/or a variable of a structure type. A structure type is a user-defined composite type. It is composed of "fields" or "members" that can have different types.In C++, a structure is the same as a class except that its members are public by default.In C, you must explicitly use the structkeyword to declare a structure. In C++, this is unnecessary once the type has been defined.You have the option of declaring variables when the structure type is defined by placing one or more comma-separated variable names between the closing brace and the semicolon.

从上面这段话中我们知道在c++中struct和typedef struct的用法基本没有区别了。下面是代码:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std; struct PERSON /* Declare PERSON struct type */
{
int age; /* Declare member types */
long ss;
float weight;
char name[];
} family_member; /* Define object of type PERSON,定义一个PERSON类型的对象family_member,定义对象并不占用内存。*/ /* Structure variables can be initialized. The initialization for each variable must be enclosed in braces. */
/* 这表示在C++中struct其实就是一个类,只不过这个类中的默认访问属性是public类型的,而在c++中默认访问类型是private的 */ struct POINT /* Declare POINT structure */
{
int x; /* Define members x and y */
int y;
} spot = { , }; /* Variable spot has values x = 20, y = 40,定义对象后马上初始化,这时候分配内存 */ struct POINT there; /* Variable there has POINT type */ int main()
{ struct PERSON sister; /* C style structure declaration,C语言风格第一一个PERSON类型的对象sister */
PERSON brother; /* C++ style structure declaration,而在C++中我们已经没有必要加上关键字struct了,
直接用结构体类型PERSON定义对象brother */ sister.age = ; /* assign values to members */
brother.age = ;
family_member.age=; /* 在创建结构体的时候就定义了的对象 */
there.x=spot.x;
POINT p;
p.y=spot.y; cout<<sister.age<<" "<<brother.age<<endl;
cout<<family_member.age<<endl;
cout<<spot.x<<" "<<spot.y<<endl;
cout<<there.x<<" "<<p.y<<endl; return ;
}

下面介绍在c语言中的用法

typedef与结构结合使用:

typedef struct tagMyStruct
{
 int iNum;
 long lLength;
} MyStruct;

这语句实际上完成两个操作:

1) 定义一个新的结构类型

struct tagMyStruct

 int iNum; 
 long lLength; 
};

分析:tagMyStruct称为“tag”,即“标签”,实际上是一个临时名字,struct 关键字和tagMyStruct一起,构成了这个结构类型,不论是否有typedef,这个结构都存在。

我们可以用struct tagMyStruct varName来定义变量,但要注意,使用tagMyStruct varName来定义变量是不对的,因为struct 和tagMyStruct合在一起才能表示一个结构类型。

2) typedef为这个新的结构起了一个名字,叫MyStruct。

typedef struct tagMyStruct MyStruct;

  因此,MyStruct实际上相当于struct tagMyStruct,我们可以使用MyStruct varName来定义变量

备注 :本文章转自于:http://blog.csdn.net/xw13106209/article/details/4967689 ,在此感谢他的精彩分享!