1.1.环境搭建
（1）虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv website pip install django==1.11.7
（2）创建项目和app：website和blog
（3）设置中文settings.py
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = False
运行项目：http://127.0.0.1:8000/
1.2.模型设计
（1）blog/models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField('分类',max_length=128) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '博客分类'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class Tag(models.Model):
name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=128) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '博客标签'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class Entry(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('文章标题',max_length=128)
author = models.ForeignKey(User,verbose_name='作者',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
img = models.ImageField(upload_to='blog_img',null=True,blank=True,verbose_name='博客配图')
body = models.TextField('正文',)
abstract = models.TextField('摘要',max_length=256,null=True,blank=True)
visiting = models.PositiveIntegerField('访问量',default=0)
category = models.ManyToManyField('Category',verbose_name='博客分类')
tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag',verbose_name='标签')
created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间',auto_now_add=True)
modifyed_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间',auto_now=True) def __str__(self):
return self.title class Meta:
ordering = ['-created_time']
verbose_name = '博客正文'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
（2）blog/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from . import models class EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ['title','author','visiting','created_time','modifyed_time'] admin.site.register(models.Category)
admin.site.register(models.Tag)
admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)
（3）设置为MySql
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb() DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'my_blog', #数据库名字
'USER': 'root', #账号
'PASSWORD': '', #密码
'HOST': '127.0.0.1', #IP
'PORT': '', #端口
}
}
（4）安装模块
pip install pymysql pillow
（5）创建超级用户
python manage.py createsuperuser
进后台添加标签和分类
1.3.url及视图设计
（1）website/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls') ),
]
（2）blog/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views app_name = 'blog' urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index,name='blog_index'),
url(r'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)', views.detail,name='blog_detail'),
]
（3）blog/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
def index(request):
return render(request,'blog/index.html',locals())
def detail(request,blog_id):
return render(request,'blog/detail.html',locals())
（4）blog/templates/blog/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>博客首页</h1>
</body>
</html>
（5）blog/templates/blog/detail.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>博客详情页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>博客{{ blog_id }}的详情</h1> </body>
</html>
1.4.前端页面设计
（1）Bootstrap
下载bootstrap,把文件放到static目录
settings设置
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
]
（2）blog/base.html
{% load staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
<link href="{% static 'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{% static 'blog/css/blog_nav.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
{% block css %}{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container-fluid">
<!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#my-nav" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Zhang_derek</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="my-nav">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="/blog/">博客</a></li>
<li ><a href="#">学习资源</a></li>
<li ><a href="#">联系我</a></li>
</ul>
<form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button>
</form>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
<footer>
<div class="footer" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-text">
<ul class="footer-text">
<li><a href="#">主页</a></li>
<li><a href="#">联系我们</a></li>
<li><a href="#">关于博主</a></li>
<li><a href="#">文档支持</a></li>
<li><a href="/blog/">博客首页</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Copyright © 2018 Zhang_derek </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<script src="{% static 'jquery-3.2.1.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
{% block script %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
（3）blog/static/blog/css/blog_nav.css
body {
margin-top: 30px;
font-weight:;
/* Required padding for .navbar-fixed-top. Change if height of navigation changes. */
padding-top: 70px;
}
/* Navbar and footer (global) styling */
.navbar-fixed-top .nav {
padding: 15px 0;
}
.navbar {
color: black;
border-width: thin;
-webkit-transition: .2s;
background-color: white;
border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
background-color: white;
}
.navbar a {
color: black;
}
.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-brand {
padding: 0 15px;
}
.navbar-header .icon-bar {
background-color: black;
}
.navbar-nav > li > .navbar-active {
color: #E46E2E;
}
.navbar-scroll {
background-color: white;
animation-duration: 2s;
animation-name: smooth;
-moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
-webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
}
.jupytercon-nav > li > .black-tab {
color: black;
}
.navbar-logo {
height: 45px;
}
.nav > li > a {
font-size: 20px;
padding: 12px 16px 10px;
}
.nav > li > a:hover {
background-color: transparent;
color: #E46E2E;
-webkit-transition: .2s;
}
.nav > li > a:focus {
background-color: white;
}
.nav > li > a:active {
background-color: #F8F8F8;
}
.nav > li > a:visited {
background-color: #F8F8F8;
}
.tab:hover {
background-color: transparent;
color: #E46E2E;
}
.footer {
background-color: #979797;
}
.footer p {
color: white;
padding-top: 10px;
}
.footer li {
color: white;
display: inline-block;
text-decoration: none;
}
.footer a {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
}
.footer li::after {
content:" |";
}
.footer li:last-of-type::after {
content:"";
}
.footer-text {
font-size: 16px;
margin-left:;
padding-left:;
}
.navbar-brand {
float: left;
height: 50px;
padding: 15px 15px;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 20px;
margin-top: 27px;
}
nav .navbar-form{
padding: 10px;
}
（4）blog/index.html
{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}
{% block title %}博客首页{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
博客首页
<div style="height: 440px; " ></div>
{% endblock %}
效果：
此时目录结构：
