SQL Server中通用数据库角色权限处理
最近和同事在做数据库权限清理的事情，主要是删除一些账号；取消一些账号的较大的权限等，例如，有一些有db_owner权限，我们取消账号的数据库角色db_owner，授予最低要求的相关权限。但是这种工作完全是一个体力活，而且是吃力不讨好，而且推进很慢。另外，为了管理方便和细化，我们又在常用的数据库角色外，新增了6个通用的数据库角色。如下截图所示。
另外，为了减少授权工作量和一些重复的体力活，我们创建了一个作业，每天定期执行一个存储过程db_common_role_grant_rigths，这个存储过程的逻辑如下：
1：遍历所有用户数据库（排除了系统数据库以及一些特殊数据库），发现该数据库不存在这些通用数据库角色，那么就创建相关数据库角色。
2：遍历所有用户数据库，为相关数据库角色授权，例如，如果发现某个新增的存储过程，没有授权给db_procedure_execute数据库角色。那么就执行授权操作。
当然目前还在测试、应用阶段，以后会根据具体相关需求，不断完善相关功能。
--==================================================================================================================
-- ScriptName : db_common_role_grant_rigths.sql
-- Author : 潇湘隐者
-- CreateDate : 2018-09-13
-- Description : 创建数据库角色db_procedure_execute等，并授予相关权限给角色。
-- Note :
/******************************************************************************************************************
Parameters : 参数说明
********************************************************************************************************************
@RoleName : 角色名
********************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
********************************************************************************************************************
2018-09-12 潇湘隐者 V01.00.00 新建该脚本。
2018-09-12 潇湘隐者 V01.00.01 注意@@ROWCOUNT的生效范围;解决循环逻辑问题。
2018-09-26 潇湘隐者 V01.00.02 修正类型为FT(CLR_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION)的函数问题。程序集 (CLR) 表值函数
*******************************************************************************************************************/
--===================================================================================================================
USE YourSQLDba;
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.procedures WHERE type='P' AND name='db_common_role_grant_rigths')
BEGIN
DROP PROCEDURE Maint.db_common_role_grant_rigths;
END
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE Maint.db_common_role_grant_rigths
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @database_id INT;
DECLARE @database_name sysname;
DECLARE @cmdText NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @prc_text NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @RowIndex INT;
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#databases') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#databases;
CREATE TABLE #databases
(
database_id INT,
database_name sysname
)
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#sql_text') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#sql_text;
CREATE TABLE #sql_text
(
sql_id INT IDENTITY(1,1),
sql_cmd NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
INSERT INTO #databases
SELECT database_id ,
name
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name NOT IN ( 'master', 'tempdb', 'model', 'msdb',
'distribution', 'ReportServer',
'ReportServerTempDB', 'YourSQLDba' )
AND state = 0; --state_desc=ONLINE
--开始循环每一个用户数据库（排除了上面相关数据库）
WHILE 1= 1
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @database_name= database_name
FROM #databases
ORDER BY database_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT =0
BREAK;
--PRINT(@database_name);
-- SP_EXECUTESQL 中切换数据库不能当参数传入。
--创建数据库角色db_procedure_execute
SET @cmdText = 'USE ' + @database_name + ';' +CHAR(10)
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_procedure_execute'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_procedure_execute] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END ' + CHAR(10);
--创建数据库角色db_function_execute
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_function_execute'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_function_execute] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END' + CHAR(10);
--创建数据库角色db_view_table_definition
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_view_table_definition'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_view_table_definition] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END ' + CHAR(10);
--创建数据库角色db_view_view_definition
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_view_view_definition'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_view_view_definition] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END ' + CHAR(10);
--创建数据库角色db_view_procedure_definition
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_view_procedure_definition'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_view_procedure_definition] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END ' + CHAR(10);
--创建数据库角色db_view_function_definition
SELECT @cmdText += 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name =''db_view_function_definition'')
BEGIN
CREATE ROLE [db_view_function_definition] AUTHORIZATION [dbo];
END ' + CHAR(10);
--PRINT @cmdText;
-- EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
EXECUTE (@cmdText);
--给角色db_procedure_execute授权
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + QUOTENAME(@database_name) + ';'
SET @cmdText +='INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT EXECUTE ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_procedure_execute;''
FROM sys.procedures s
WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_procedure_execute''))';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
--给角色db_function_execute(标量函数授权)
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + QUOTENAME(@database_name) + ';'
SET @cmdText += 'INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT EXEC ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.'' + QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_function_execute; ''
FROM sys.all_objects s
WHERE SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) NOT IN (''sys'', ''INFORMATION_SCHEMA'')
AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id =USER_ID(''db_function_execute'') )
AND ( s.[type] = ''FN''
OR s.[type] = ''AF''
OR s.[type] = ''FS''
--OR s.[type] = ''FT''
) ;'
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
--给角色db_function_execute(表值函数授权)
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + @database_name + ';'
SET @cmdText += 'INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT SELECT ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.'' + QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_function_execute;''
FROM sys.all_objects s
WHERE SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) NOT IN (''sys'', ''INFORMATION_SCHEMA'')
AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_function_execute''))
AND ( s.[type] = ''TF''
OR s.[type] = ''IF''
) ; '
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
--查看存储过程定义授权
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + @database_name + ';'
SET @cmdText +=' INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT VIEW DEFINITION ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_view_procedure_definition;''
FROM sys.procedures s
WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_view_procedure_definition''))'
EXECUTE(@cmdText);
--查看函数定义的授权
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + @database_name + ';'
SELECT @cmdText += 'INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT VIEW DEFINITION ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_view_function_definition;''
FROM sys.objects s
WHERE type_desc IN (''SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION'', ''SQL_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION'',
''AGGREGATE_FUNCTION'' )
AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_view_function_definition''))';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
--查看表定义的授权
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + @database_name + ';'
SET @cmdText +='INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT VIEW DEFINITION ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_view_table_definition ;''
FROM sys.tables s
WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_view_table_definition''))';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
--查看视图定义的授权
SET @cmdText ='USE ' + @database_name + ';'
SET @cmdText +='INSERT INTO #sql_text(sql_cmd)
SELECT ''GRANT VIEW DEFINITION ON '' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + ''.''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + '' TO db_view_view_definition; ''
FROM sys.views s
WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.database_permissions p
WHERE p.major_id = s.object_id
AND p.grantee_principal_id = USER_ID(''db_view_view_definition''))';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText;
WHILE 1= 1
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @RowIndex=sql_id, @cmdText = 'USE ' + @database_name + '; '+ sql_cmd FROM #sql_text ORDER BY sql_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT =0
BREAK;
PRINT(@cmdText);
EXECUTE(@cmdText);
DELETE FROM #sql_text WHERE sql_id =@RowIndex
END
DELETE FROM #databases WHERE database_name=@database_name;
END
DROP TABLE #databases;
DROP TABLE #sql_text;
END