Delphi中常用字符串处理函数

时间:2023-03-09 04:15:04
Delphi中常用字符串处理函数
.copy(str,pos,num) 从str字符串的pos处开始,截取num个字符的串返回.
假设str为'abcdef',copy(str,,)='cd',copy(str,,)='def'
.concat(str1,str2{,strn}) 把各自变量连接起来,返回连接后的字符串(长度不能超过255)
.length(str) 返回str的字符个数,即其长度.
.pos(obj,target) 在target字符串中找出第一个出现obj的第一个字符位置,如果找不到,返回0.
.AnsiStrLastChar('你好')结果是“好”。如果有半个汉字出现,返回这半个汉字。二者字符串长度分别为2和1。
.CompareStr - 区分大小写
.CompareText - 不区分大小写
.StringReplace(const S, OldPattern, NewPattern: string;Flags: TReplaceFlags): string;
字符串替换函数,需要引用SysUtils单元
rfReplaceAll:全部替换
rfIgnoreCase:忽略大小写
使用方法Lg:
  str:=' :';//需要把:替换成----
s:=StringReplace(str,':','----',[rfReplaceAll]);
For Example: var
aStr: String;
begin
aStr := 'This is a book, not a pen!';
ShowMessage(StringReplace (aStr, 'a', 'two', [])); //This is two book, not a pen!只替换了第一个符合的字
ShowMessage(StringReplace (aStr, 'a', 'two', [rfReplaceAll]));
//This is two book, not two pen!替换了所有符合的字
aStr := 'This is a book, not A pen!';
ShowMessage(StringReplace (aStr, 'a', 'two', [rfReplaceAll])); //This is two book, not A pen!只替换了符合的字(小写a)
ShowMessage(StringReplace (aStr, 'a', 'two', [rfReplaceAll, rfIgnoreCase])); //This is two book, not two pen!不管大小写替换了所有符合的字
end; .delete 是删除一个 字符串中的 某部分字符
用法是 delete(str,//被删除的字符串
index,//从第几个字符开始删除
count //删除几个
);
Delete(S, , ); 就是从S中的第二个开始删除,删除2个字符即2、.所以结果是145.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
LEFTSTR, MIDSTR, RIGHTSTR的介绍
这几个函数都包含在StrUtils中,所以需要uses StrUtils;
假设字符串是 Dstr := ’Delphi is the BEST’, 那么
LeftStr(Dstr, ) := ’Delph’
MidStr(Dstr, , ) := ’i is th’
RightStr(Dstr, ) := ’e BEST’ .{判断字符是否是数字}
function IsDigit(ch: char): boolean;
begin
Result := ch in [''..''];
end; 、{判断字符是否是大写字符}
function IsUpper(ch: char): boolean;
begin
Result := ch in ['A'..'Z'];
end;
、{判断字符是否是小写字符}
function IsLower(ch: char): boolean;
begin
Result := ch in ['a'..'z'];
end;
、{转换为大写字符}
function ToUpper(ch: char): char;
begin
Result := chr(ord(ch) and $DF);
end;
、{转换为小写字符}
function ToLower(ch: char): char;
begin
Result := chr(ord(ch) or $);
end;
{ Capitalizes first letter of every word in s } function Proper(const s: string): string;
var
i: Integer;
CapitalizeNextLetter: Boolean;
begin
Result := LowerCase(s);
CapitalizeNextLetter := True;
for i := to Length(Result) do
begin
if CapitalizeNextLetter and IsLower(Result[i]) then
Result[i] := ToUpper(Result[i]);
CapitalizeNextLetter := Result[i] = ' ';
end;
end;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
.{返回两个子字符串之间字符的个数}
Function p2pcount( s, ss1, ss2 : string ): integer;
var i, j, slen : integer;
begin
i := pos( ss1, s );
j := pos( ss2, s );
slen := Length(ss2);
if j >= i then Result := j - i + slen else Result := ;
end;
.{更快速的字符查询,快40%}
function ScanStr(ToScan: PChar; Sign: Char):PChar;
begin
Result:= nil;
if ToScan <> nil then
while (ToScan^ <> #) do begin
if ToScan^ = Sign then begin
Result:= ToScan;
break;
end;
inc(ToScan);
end;
end;
/////////////////////////////
.替换字符串中子串的函数,他可以从字符串中找出指定子串,并替换为另一子串。
function replacing(S,source,target:string):string;
var site,StrLen:integer;
begin
{source在S中出现的位置}
site:=pos(source,s);
{source的长度}
StrLen:=length(source);
{删除source字符串}
delete(s,site,StrLen);
{插入target字符串到S中}
insert(target,s,site);
{返回新串}
replacing:=s;
end;
///////////////////////
另两个替换字符串中子串的函数
function repl_substr( sub1, sub2, s: string ): string;
var i: integer;
begin
repeat
i := pos( sub1, s ) ;
if i > then begin
delete( s, i, Length(sub1));
insert( sub2, s, i );
end;
until i < ;
Result := s;
end;
function ReplaceText(const S,ReplacePiece,ReplaceWith: String):String;
Var Position: Integer;
TempStr: String;
begin
Position := Pos(ReplacePiece,S);
if Position > then Begin
TempStr := S;
Delete(TempStr,,Position-+Length(ReplacePiece));
Result :=
Copy(S,,Position-)+ReplaceWith+ReplaceText(TempStr,ReplacePiece,ReplaceWith)
End else Result := S;
end;
////////////////////////
替换全部子字符串的函数
function ReplaceSub(str, sub1, sub2: String): String;
var
aPos: Integer;
rslt: String;
begin
aPos := Pos(sub1, str);
rslt := '';
while (aPos <> ) do begin
rslt := rslt + Copy(str, , aPos - ) + sub2;
Delete(str, , aPos + Length(sub1));
aPos := Pos(sub1, str);
end;
Result := rslt + str;
end;
/////////////////////////
在字符串左右填充指定数量的指定字符
function UT_PadString(inString :string; maxLength :integer; padChar :char;
left :boolean) :string;
begin
result := inString;
while (Length(result) < maxLength) do
if (left) then
result := padChar + result
else
result := result + padChar;
end;
/////////////////////////////////////
提取字符串中指定子字符串前的字符串
Function Before ( string ; Var S:string ) : string ; < /span>
Var
F : Word ;
begin
F := POS (Src,S) ;
if F= then
Before := S
else
Before := COPY(S,,F-) ;
end ;
//////////////////////////////////
提取字符串中指定子字符串后的字符串
Function After ( string ; Var S:string ) : string ; < /span>
Var
F : Word ;
begin
F := POS (Src,S) ;
if F= then
After := ''
else
After := COPY(S,F+length(src),length(s)) ;
end ;
////////////////////////////////////
判断字符串是否可以转换为整数
function IsIntStr(const S: string): boolean;
begin
Result:=StrToIntDef(S,)=StrToIntDef(S,);
end;
//////////////////////////////////////
从字符串中删除指定字符串
procedure RemoveInvalid(what, where: string): string;
var
tstr: string;
begin
tstr:=where;
while pos(what, tstr)> do
tstr:=copy(tstr,,pos(what,tstr)-) +
copy(tstr,pos(what,tstr)+length(tstr),length(tstr));
Result:=tstr;
end;
用法:
NewStr:=RemoveInvalid('<invalid>','This <invalid> is my string and I wan to
remove the word <invalid>');
///////////////////////////////////////////
根据某个字符分割字符串的函数
procedure SeparateTerms(s : string;Separator : char;Terms : TStringList);
{ This browses a string and divide it into terms whenever the given
separator is found. The separators will be removed }
var
hs : string;
p : integer;
begin
Terms.Clear; // First remove all remaining terms
if Length(s)= then // Nothin' to separate
Exit;
p:=Pos(Separator,s);
while P<> do
begin
hs:=Copy(s,,p-); // Copy term
Terms.Add(hs); // Add to list
Delete(s,,p); // Remove term and separator
p:=Pos(Separator,s); // Search next separator
end;
if Length(s)> then
Terms.Add(s); // Add remaining term
end;
==========
= 用 法
==========
var
Terms : TStringList;
i : integer;
const
TestStr = '1st term;2nd term;3rd term';
begin
Terms:=TStringList.Create;
SeparateTerms(TestStr,';',Terms);
for i:= to terms.Count- do
ShowMessage(Terms.Strings[i]);
Terms.Free;
end;
/////////////////////////////
根据一组字符分割字符串的函数
type
Charset = set of Char;
var
f : Text;
s : String;
procedure WriteStringSplitted(var s: String; Separators: Charset);
var
a,e : Integer; {anfang und ende des w鰎tchens}
begin
a := ;
for e := to Length(s) do
if s[e] in Separators then begin
WriteLn(Copy(s, a, e-a));
a := e + ;
end;
WriteLn(Copy(s, a, e-a+));
end;
begin
Assign(f, 'c:/dingsbums/text.txt');
Reset(f);
while not EOF(f) do begin
ReadLn(f,s);
WriteStringSplitted(s, [':', ',']);
end;
Close(f);
end.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTSTRING = HexToBin(HEXSTRING)
{ 目的 : 把十六进制字符串转换为二进制字符串
{
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTINTEGER = HexCharToInt(HEXCHAR)
{ 目的 : 转换一个十六进制字符为整数
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTSTRING = HexCharToBin(HEXCHAR)
{ 目的 : 转换一个十六进制字符为二进制字符串
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTINTEGER = Pow(BASE,POWER)
{ 目的 : 指数函数
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTINTEGER = BinStrToInt(BINSTRING)
{ 目的 : 把二进制字符串转换为整数
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTSTRING = DecodeSMS7Bit (PDUSTRING)
{ 目的 : 解码一个7-bit SMS (GSM 03.38) 为ASCII码
{===============================================================}
{ 函数 : RESULTSTRING = ReverseStr (SOURCESTRING)
{ 目的 : 反转一个字符串
{===============================================================}
unit BinHexTools;
interface
function HexToBin(HexNr : string): string;
function HexCharToInt(HexToken : char):Integer;
function HexCharToBin(HexToken : char): string;
function pow(base, power: integer): integer;
function BinStrToInt(BinStr : string) : integer;
function DecodeSMS7Bit(PDU : string):string;
function ReverseStr(SourceStr : string) : string;
implementation
uses sysutils, dialogs;
function HexCharToInt(HexToken : char):Integer;
begin
{if HexToken>#97 then HexToken:=Chr(Ord(HexToken)-32);
{ use lowercase aswell }
Result:=;
if (HexToken>#) and (HexToken<#) then { chars 0....9 }
Result:=Ord(HexToken)-
else if (HexToken>#) and (HexToken<#) then { chars A....F }
Result:=Ord(HexToken)- + ;
end;
function HexCharToBin(HexToken : char): string;
var DivLeft : integer;
begin
DivLeft:=HexCharToInt(HexToken); { first HEX->BIN }
Result:='';
{ Use reverse dividing }
repeat { Trick; divide by 2 }
if odd(DivLeft) then { result = odd ? then bit = 1 }
Result:=''+Result { result = even ? then bit = 0 }
else
Result:=''+Result;
DivLeft:=DivLeft div ; { keep dividing till 0 left and length = 4 }
until (DivLeft=) and (length(Result)=); { 1 token = nibble = 4 bits }
end;
function HexToBin(HexNr : string): string;
{ only stringsize is limit of binnr }
var Counter : integer;
begin
Result:='';
for Counter:= to length(HexNr) do
Result:=Result+HexCharToBin(HexNr[Counter]);
end;
function pow(base, power: integer): integer;
var counter : integer;
begin
Result:=;
for counter:= to power do
Result:=Result*base;
end;
function BinStrToInt(BinStr : string) : integer;
var counter : integer;
begin
if length(BinStr)> then
raise ERangeError.Create(#+BinStr+#+
'is not within the valid range of a 16 bit binary.'+#);
Result:=;
for counter:= to length(BinStr) do
if BinStr[Counter]='' then
Result:=Result+pow(,length(BinStr)-counter);
end;
function DecodeSMS7Bit(PDU : string):string;
var OctetStr : string;
OctetBin : string;
Charbin : string;
PrevOctet: string;
Counter : integer;
Counter2 : integer;
begin
PrevOctet:='';
Result:='';
for Counter:= to length(PDU) do
begin
if length(PrevOctet)>= then { if 7 Bit overflow on previous }
begin
if BinStrToInt(PrevOctet)<> then
Result:=Result+Chr(BinStrToInt(PrevOctet))
else Result:=Result+' ';
PrevOctet:='';
end;
if Odd(Counter) then { only take two nibbles at a time }
begin
OctetStr:=Copy(PDU,Counter,);
OctetBin:=HexToBin(OctetStr);
Charbin:='';
for Counter2:= to length(PrevOctet) do
Charbin:=Charbin+PrevOctet[Counter2];
for Counter2:= to -length(PrevOctet) do
Charbin:=OctetBin[-Counter2+]+Charbin;
if BinStrToInt(Charbin)<> then Result:=Result+Chr(BinStrToInt(CharBin))
else Result:=Result+' ';
PrevOctet:=Copy(OctetBin,,length(PrevOctet)+);
end;
end;
end;
function ReverseStr(SourceStr : string) : string;
var Counter : integer;
begin
Result:='';
for Counter:= to length(SourceStr) do
Result:=SourceStr[Counter]+Result;
end;
end.

转发于:https://blog.csdn.net/mrwlw/article/details/78238434