使用Spring Security和OAuth2实现RESTful服务安全认证

这篇教程是展示如何设置一个OAuth2服务来保护REST资源. 源代码下载github. (https://github.com/iainporter/oauth2-provider)你能下载这个源码就开始编写一个被OAuth方法保护的服务。该源码包含功能：

* 用户注册和登录
* Email验证
* Password 丢失

采取的技术有以下：

* OAuth2 Protocol 
* spring Security 
* Spring Integration 
* Spring Data 
* Jersey/JAX-RS 
* Gradle / Groovy 
* MongoDB

通过以下方式构建项目：

> Git clone  [e-mail]:iainporter/oauth2-provider.git 
> cd oauth2-provider 
> ./gradlew clean build integrationTest

运行Web项目：

这个应用是基于MongoDB作为持久层，在运行应用之前确认mongod是运行在端口27017.

运行命令：

> ./gradlew tomcatRun

在浏览器打开http://localhost:8080/oauth2-provider/index.html

1. 创建一个用户：

curl -v -X POST \
   -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
   -H "Authorization: Basic MzUzYjMwMmM0NDU3NGY1NjUwNDU2ODdlNTM0ZTdkNmE6Mjg2OTI0Njk3ZTYxNWE2NzJhNjQ2YTQ5MzU0NTY0NmM=" \
   -d '{"user":{"emailAddress":"[e-mail]"}, "password":"password"}' \
   'http://localhost:8080/oauth2-provider/v1.0/users'

结果应该是：

{"apiUser":
   {"emailAddress":"[e-mail]",
   "firstName":null,
   "lastName":null,
   "age":null,
   "id":"8a34d009-3558-4c8c-a8da-1ad2b2a393c7",
   "name":"[e-mail]"},
   "oauth2AccessToken":
   {"access_token":"7e0e4708-7837-4a7e-9f87-81c6429b02ac",
   "token_type":"bearer", 
   "refresh_token":"d0f248ab-e30f-4a85-860c-bd1e388a39b5",
   "expires_in":5183999,
   "scope":"read write"
   }
}

2. 请求一个access token：

curl -v -X POST \
   -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
   -H "Authorization: Basic MzUzYjMwMmM0NDU3NGY1NjUwNDU2ODdlNTM0ZTdkNmE6Mjg2OTI0Njk3ZTYxNWE2NzJhNjQ2YTQ5MzU0NTY0NmM=" \
   'http://localhost:8080/oauth2-provider/oauth/token?grant_type=password&username=[e-mail]&password=password'

结果应该是：

{
  "access_token":"a838780e-35ef-4bd5-92c0-07a45aa74948",
  "token_type":"bearer",
  "refresh_token":"ab06022f-247c-450a-a11e-2ffab116e3dc",
  "expires_in":5183999
}

3. 刷新一个token：

curl -v -X POST \
   -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
   -H "Authorization: Basic MzUzYjMwMmM0NDU3NGY1NjUwNDU2ODdlNTM0ZTdkNmE6Mjg2OTI0Njk3ZTYxNWE2NzJhNjQ2YTQ5MzU0NTY0NmM=" \
   'http://localhost:8080/oauth2-provider/oauth/token?grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=ab06022f-247c-450a-a11e-2ffab116e3dc'

结果应该是：

{
   "access_token":"4835cd11-8bb7-4b76-b857-55c6e7f36fc4",
   "token_type":"bearer",
   "refresh_token":"ab06022f-247c-450a-a11e-2ffab116e3dc",
   "expires_in":5183999
}

Web Context

一个Jersey 处理所有资源调用：

1. <servlet-mapping>
2. <servlet-name>jersey-servlet</servlet-name>
3. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
4. </servlet-mapping>

Spring servlet处理所有oauth 调用：

1. <servlet-mapping>
2. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
3. <url-pattern>/oauth/*</url-pattern>
4. </servlet-mapping>

spring security配合定义一个过滤器：

1. <filter>
2. <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
3. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
4. <init-param>
5. <param-name>contextAttribute</param-name>
6. <param-value>org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.CONTEXT.spring</param-value>
7. </init-param>
8. </filter>

对根目录下所有url进行 过滤：

1. <filter-mapping>
2. <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
3. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
4. </filter-mapping>

配置OAuth 流程

1. <oauth:authorization-server client-details-service-ref="client-details-service" token-services-ref="tokenServices">
2. <oauth:refresh-token/>
3. <oauth:password/>
4. </oauth:authorization-server>

缺省的token端点是/oauth/token ，只有 password flow 和刷新 token 支持。

保护token端点

使用Spring security 保护token端点：

1. <http pattern="/oauth/token" create-session="stateless" authentication-manager-ref="clientAuthenticationManager"
2. xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security">
3. <anonymous enabled="false"/>
4. <http-basic entry-point-ref="clientAuthenticationEntryPoint"/>
5. <access-denied-handler ref="oauthAccessDeniedHandler"/>
6. </http>

下面配置授权authentication 管理器和客户端服务：

1. <bean id="clientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter"
2. class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.client.ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter">
3. <property name="authenticationManager" ref="clientAuthenticationManager"/>
4. </bean>
5. <authentication-manager id="clientAuthenticationManager" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security">
6. <authentication-provider user-service-ref="client-details-user-service"/>
7. </authentication-manager>
8. <bean id="client-details-user-service" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.client.ClientDetailsUserDetailsService">
9. <constructor-arg ref="client-details-service" />
10. </bean>

配置用户授权服务

Resource Owner Password flow 需要管理用户的授权管理器

1. <bean id="passwordEncoder" class="org.springframework.security.crypto.password.StandardPasswordEncoder"/>
2. <sec:authentication-manager alias="userAuthenticationManager">
3. <sec:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">
4. <sec:password-encoder ref="passwordEncoder"/>
5. </sec:authentication-provider>
6. </sec:authentication-manager>

密码 password encoder是用于加密密码。用户服务必须实现一个UserDetailsService ，能根据用户名返回用户。

1. @Override
2. public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
3. notNull(username, "Mandatory argument 'username' missing.");
4. User user = userRepository.findByEmailAddress(username.toLowerCase());
5. if (user == null) {
6. throw new AuthenticationException();
7. }
8. return user;
9. }

配置Token 服务

1. <bean id="tokenServices" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.DefaultTokenServices">
2. <property name="tokenStore" ref="tokenStore"/>
3. <property name="supportRefreshToken" value="true"/>
4. <property name="clientDetailsService" ref="client-details-service"/>
5. </bean>

保护资源访问

1. <oauth:resource-server id="resourceServerFilter" token-services-ref="tokenServices"/>

核心服务

这个服务提供基于访问token获得用户的信息。URL格式：

/v1.0/users/{id}/someresource

1. @Path("/v1.0/me")
2. @Component
3. @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
4. @Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
5. public class MeResource extends BaseResource {
6. @RolesAllowed({"ROLE_USER"})
7. @GET
8. public ApiUser getUser(final @Context SecurityContext securityContext) {
9. User requestingUser = loadUserFromSecurityContext(securityContext);
10. if(requestingUser == null) {
11. throw new UserNotFoundException();
12. }
13. return new ApiUser(requestingUser);
14. }
15. protected User loadUserFromSecurityContext(SecurityContext securityContext) {
16. OAuth2Authentication requestingUser = (OAuth2Authentication) securityContext.getUserPrincipal();
17. Object principal = requestingUser.getUserAuthentication().getPrincipal();
18. User user = null;
19. if(principal instanceof User) {
20. user = (User)principal;
21. } else {
22. user = userRepository.findByEmailAddress((String)principal);
23. }
24. return user;
25. }
26. }

测试这个应用，启动：

> ./gradlew tomcatRun

测试：

curl -v -X GET \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer [your token here]" \
  'http://localhost:8080/oauth2-provider/v1.0/me'

参考：https://github.com/tcompiegne/couchbase-token-store-spring-oauth2

https://github.com/tcompiegne/oauth2-server-spring-couchbase

转自：http://www.jdon.com/dl/best/securing-rest-services-with-spring.html.html