本文通过一个Demo，讲解如何通过C#获取操作系统相关的信息，如内存大小，CPU大小，机器名，环境变量等操作系统软件、硬件相关信息，仅供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。
涉及知识点：
- Environment 提供有关当前环境和平台的信息以及操作它们的方法。
- ManagementClass 表示公共信息模型 (CIM) 管理类。管理类是一个 WMI 类，如 Win32_LogicalDisk 和 Win32_Process，前者表示磁盘驱动器，后者表示进程（如 Notepad.exe）。通过该类的成员，可以使用特定的 WMI 类路径访问 WMI 数据。
效果图
系统信息 ：获取如系统目录，平台标识，登录用户名，盘符，所在的域 等信息
环境变量：即操作系统运行的参数，看看有没有眼前为之一亮的信息
特殊目录：桌面，我的文档，收藏夹，等目录，是不是很熟悉
操作系统：以下是获取CPU的信息，如型号，名称，个数，速度，厂商等信息【还可以获取其他如内存，硬盘等信息】
核心代码
代码如下：
namespace DemoEnvironment
{
public partial class MainFrom : Form
{
public MainFrom()
{
InitializeComponent();
} private void MainFrom_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string machineName = Environment.MachineName;
string osVersionName = GetOsVersion(Environment.OSVersion.Version);
string servicePack = Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack;
osVersionName = osVersionName + " " + servicePack;
string userName = Environment.UserName;
string domainName = Environment.UserDomainName;
string tickCount = (Environment.TickCount / ).ToString() + "s";
string systemPageSize = (Environment.SystemPageSize / ).ToString() + "KB";
string systemDir = Environment.SystemDirectory;
string stackTrace = Environment.StackTrace;
string processorCounter = Environment.ProcessorCount.ToString();
string platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform.ToString();
string newLine = Environment.NewLine;
bool is64Os = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;
bool is64Process = Environment.Is64BitProcess; string currDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
string cmdLine = Environment.CommandLine;
string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
//long workingSet = (Environment.WorkingSet / 1024);
this.lblMachineName.Text = machineName;
this.lblOsVersion.Text = osVersionName;
this.lblUserName.Text = userName;
this.lblDomineName.Text = domainName;
this.lblStartTime.Text = tickCount;
this.lblPageSize.Text = systemPageSize;
this.lblSystemDir.Text = systemDir;
this.lblLogical.Text = string.Join(",", drives);
this.lblProcesserCounter.Text = processorCounter;
this.lblPlatform.Text = platform;
this.lblNewLine.Text = newLine.ToString();
this.lblSystemType.Text = is64Os ? "64bit" : "32bit";
this.lblProcessType.Text = is64Process ? "64bit" : "32bit";
this.lblCurDir.Text = currDir;
this.lblCmdLine.Text = cmdLine;
this.lblWorkSet.Text = GetPhisicalMemory().ToString()+"MB";
//环境变量
// HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment
IDictionary dicMachine = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "机器环境变量", newLine));
foreach (string str in dicMachine.Keys) {
string val = dicMachine[str].ToString();
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
}
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
// 环境变量存储在 Windows 操作系统注册表的 HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment 项中，或从其中检索。
IDictionary dicUser = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "用户环境变量", newLine));
foreach (string str in dicUser.Keys)
{
string val = dicUser[str].ToString();
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
}
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
IDictionary dicProcess = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "进程环境变量", newLine));
foreach (string str in dicProcess.Keys)
{
string val = dicProcess[str].ToString();
this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
}
//特殊目录
string[] names = Enum.GetNames(typeof(Environment.SpecialFolder));
foreach (string name in names){ Environment.SpecialFolder sf;
if (Enum.TryParse<Environment.SpecialFolder>(name, out sf))
{
string folder = Environment.GetFolderPath(sf);
this.rtbFolders.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", name, folder, newLine));
}
}
//获取其他硬件，软件信息
GetPhicnalInfo();
} private string GetOsVersion(Version ver) {
string strClient = "";
if (ver.Major == && ver.Minor == )
{
strClient = "Win XP";
}
else if (ver.Major == && ver.Minor == )
{
strClient = "Win Vista";
}
else if (ver.Major == && ver.Minor == )
{
strClient = "Win 7";
}
else if (ver.Major == && ver.Minor == )
{
strClient = "Win 2000";
}
else
{
strClient = "未知";
}
return strClient;
} /// <summary>
/// 获取系统内存大小
/// </summary>
/// <returns>内存大小（单位M）</returns>
private int GetPhisicalMemory()
{
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(); //用于查询一些如系统信息的管理对象
searcher.Query = new SelectQuery("Win32_PhysicalMemory ", "", new string[] { "Capacity" });//设置查询条件
ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get(); //获取内存容量
ManagementObjectCollection.ManagementObjectEnumerator em = collection.GetEnumerator(); long capacity = ;
while (em.MoveNext())
{
ManagementBaseObject baseObj = em.Current;
if (baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value != null)
{
try
{
capacity += long.Parse(baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value.ToString());
}
catch
{
return ;
}
}
}
return (int)(capacity / / );
} /// <summary>
/// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394084(VS.85).aspx
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private int GetPhicnalInfo() {
ManagementClass osClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");//后面几种可以试一下，会有意外的收获//Win32_PhysicalMemory/Win32_Keyboard/Win32_ComputerSystem/Win32_OperatingSystem
foreach (ManagementObject obj in osClass.GetInstances())
{
PropertyDataCollection pdc = obj.Properties;
foreach (PropertyData pd in pdc) {
this.rtbOs.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", pd.Name, pd.Value, "\r\n"));
}
}
return ;
}
}
}
小例子，小知识 ，积跬步以至千里， 积小流以成江海。